DISEASES OF THE GENEEATIVE OEGANS. 213 



Plate XX. Instruments used in diflicult labor — Continued. 



Fig. 8. Cartwright's bone chisel. Including the handle, this instruments is 

 about 32 inches in length ; the chisel portion is a little more than 2 

 inches long and 1 to li broad. Only the middle portion is sharp, the 

 projecting corners are blunt, and the sides rounded. This instrument 

 is used for slitting up the skin of a limb and as a bone chisel when it is 

 necessary to mutilate the fetus in order to effect delivery. 

 i'LATE XXI. Instruments used in difficult labor. 



Fig. 1. Embryotome, an instrument used when it is necessary to reduce the 

 size of the fetus by cutting away certain parts before birth can he 

 effected. This instrument may be long or short, straight or curved. 



Fig. 2. Also an embryotome. The blade can be made to slide out of or into 

 the handle. The instrument can thus be introduced into or withdrawn 

 from the genital passage without risk of injury to the mother. 



Fig. 3. Schaack's traction cord. This is merely a cord with a running noose 

 at one end and a piece of wood at the other, to offer a better hold for 

 the hand. 



]'Mgs. 4a and 4b. Reuff's head collar for securing the head of the fetus. 



I'lii. 5. Curved cord-carrier, used in difficult parturition to carry a cord into 

 regions which can not be reached by the arm. 



Fig. 6. Blunt hook, used in difficult parturition. 



Fig. 7. Short hook forceps, used in difficult parturition. 



Fig. 8. Blunt linger hook. 



