218 DISEASES OF CATTLE. 



The ascending ropes proceed forward on the middle of the back, 

 twisting over each other, and are tied to the surcingle and collar. 

 The upper and lower ropes are drawn so tightly that the rope ring 

 is made to press firmly all around the vulva without risk of displace- 

 ment. This should be worn for several days, until the womb shall 

 have closed and all risk of further eversion is at an end. Variations 

 of this device are found in the use of a narrow triangle of iron ap- 

 plied around the vulva and fixed by a similar arrangement of ropes, 

 surcingle, and collar (PI. XXIII, fig. 3), a common crupper simi- 

 larly held around the vulva (PI. XXII, fig. 1), stitches through the 

 vulva, and wire inserted through the skin on the two hips (Pi. 

 XXIII, fig. 2), so that they will cross behind the vulva; also pes- 

 saries of various kinds should be inserted into the vagina. None of 

 these devices, however, present any advantage over the simple and 

 comparatively painless rope truss described above. Such additional 

 precautions as keeping the cow in a stall higher behind than in front,- 

 and seeing that the diet is slightly laxative and nonstimulating may 

 be named. If straining is persistent, ounce doses of laudanum may 

 be used twice a day, and the same may be injected into the vagina. 

 If the womb has been cut off, injections of a solution of a tea- 

 spoonful of carbolic acid in a quart of water should be used daily, or 

 more frequently, until the discharge ceases. 



EVERSION OF THE BLADDER. 



A genuine eversion of the bladder is almost unknown in the cow, 

 owing to the extreme narrowness of its mouth. The protrusion of 

 the bladder, however, through a laceration sustained in calving, in 

 the floor of the vagina and its subsequent protrusion through the 

 vulva, is sometimes met with. In this case the protruding bladder 

 contains urine; this can never be the case in a real eversion, in 

 which the inner surface of the bladder and the openings of the 

 ureters are both exposed outside the vulva. The presence of a bag 

 containing water, which is connected with the floor of the vagina, 

 will serve to identify this condition. If the position of the bladder 

 in the vulva renders it impracticable to pass a catheter to draw oft' 

 the urine, pierce the organ with the nozzle of a hypodermic syringe, 

 or even a very small trocar and cannula, and draw off the water, 

 when it w^ill be found an easy matter to return the bladder to its 

 place. The r.ent in the vagina can be stitched up, but as there would 

 be risk in any subsequent calving it is best to prepare the cow for the 

 butcher. 



RUPTURE OF THE BLADDER. 



This has been known to occur in protracted parturition when the 

 fetus finally passed while the bladder was full. The symptoms are 



