74 BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY . 



Countenance now shows much distress, he sweats profusely, totters in 

 his gait, props his legs wide apart, reels, staggers, and falls. He may 

 get up again, but soon falls dead. The rapid running-down pulse, 

 paleness of the e3'es, nose, and mouth, sighing, stertorous breathing, 

 tottering gait, etc. , are the symptoms by which we know that the animal 

 is dying from internal hemorrhage. 



Treatment. — But little can be done in the wa}' of treatment. Opium 

 in powder, in doses of 2 drams every two or three hours, may Ijb 

 given, with the idea of preventing as much as possible all movements 

 of internal organs. If there is reason to suspect internal bleeding, we 

 should give large and frequent doses of white-oak l^ark tea, dram doses 

 of tannic or gallic acid, or the same quantitj' of sugar of lead, ever}^ 

 half hour or hour. Fluid extract of ergot or tincture of the chloride 

 of iron, in ounce doses, maj' be selected. Cold water dashed upon the 

 right side or injected into the rectum is highly spoken of as a means 

 of checking the hemorrhage. 



Biliary calculi, or gallstones. — These are rarely found in the 

 horse, but maj" occupj" the hepatic ducts, giving rise to jaundice and 

 to colick}' pains. There are no absolutelj' diagnostic symptoms, but 

 should one lind a horse that suffers from repeated attacks of colic, 

 accompanied by symptoms of violent pain, and that during or follow- 

 ing these attacks the animal is jaundiced, it is possible that gallstones 

 are present. There is little or nothing to b,e done except to give 

 medicines to overcome pain, trusting that these concretions may pass 

 on to the bowels, where, from their small size, they will not occasion 

 any inconvenience. 



Diseases of the pancreas and spleen.— Diseases of the pancreas 

 and spleen are so rare, or their sj^mptoms so. little understood, that it 

 i;. impossible to wi'itc anything concerning either of these organs and 

 their simple diseases that will convey to the reader information of 

 practical value. 



