DISEASES OF THE HOESE. 181 



reached and brought into position. If failure is met with, then ampu- 

 tation at the hips is the dernier ressort. 



HIXD PRESENTATIONS WITH THE BACK TUEXED SIDEWAYS OR 

 DOWNWARD. 



These are the counterparts of simular anterior presentations and are 

 to be managed in the same way. 



PRESENTATION OF THE BACK. 



This is rare, yet not unknown, the foal being bent upon itself with 

 the back, recognizable by its sharp row of spines, presented at the 

 entrance of the pelvis, and the head and all four feet turned back into 

 the womb. (Plate XII, fig. 1.) The hoAy of the fetus may be extended 

 across the opening transversely so that the head corresponds to one 

 side (right or left), or it may be vertical with the head above or below. 



In any such position the object should be to push the body of the 

 fetus forward and upward or to one side, as may Ibest promise to bring 

 up the fore or hind extremities, and bring the latter into the passage 

 so as to constitute a normal anterior or posterior presentation. This 

 turning of the fetus may be favored by a given position of the mother, 

 by the free use of oil or lard on the surface of the fetus, and bv the 

 use of a propeller. 



PRESENTATION OF BREAST AND ABDOMEN. 



This is the reverse of the back presentation, the foal being extended 

 across in front of the pelvic opening, but with the belly turned toward 

 the passages and with all four feet engaged in the passage. (Plate XII, 

 fig. 2.) The most promising course is to secure the hind feet with 

 nooses and then push the fore feet forward into the womb. As soon 

 as the fore feet are pushed forward clear of the brim of the pelvis, 

 traction is made on the hind feet so as to bring the thighs into the pas- 

 sage and prevent the reentrance of the fore limbs. If it prove difii- 

 cult to push back the fore limbs a noose may be passed around the fet- 

 lock of each and the cord drawn through the eye of a rope carrier, by 

 means of which the members may be easih' pushed back. 



EMBRYOTOMY. 



This consists in the dissection of the fetus, so as to reduce its bulk 

 and allow of its exit through the pelvis. The indications for its adop- 

 tion have been furnished in the foregoing pages. The operation will 

 vary in difierent cases according to the necessity for the removal of 

 one or more parts in order to secure the requisite reduction in size. 

 Thus it may be needful to remove head and neck, one fore limb or 

 both, one hind limb or both, to remove different parts of the trunk, or 



