DISEASES OF THE HOESE. 223 



and the breath assumes a peculiarl}^ offensive odor. Lead can always 

 be detected in the urine by chemical tests. 



Treatment. — The administration of 2-dram doses of iodide of potassa 

 three times a day. This will form iodide of lead in the system, 

 which is rapidl}'^ excreted by the kidne3^s. If much muscular weak- 

 ness or paralysis is present, sulphate of iron in 1-dram doses and 

 strychnia in 2-grain doses may be given twice a day. In all cases of 

 suspected lead poisoning all utensils which have entered into the sup- 

 ply of feed or water should be examined for the presence of soluble 

 lead. If it occurs near leadworks, great care must be given to the 

 supply of uncontaminated fodder, etc. 



Uremic poisoning may affect the brain in nephritis, acute albumi- 

 nuria, or when, from an}'^ cause, the functions of the kidneys become 

 impaired or suppressed and urea (a natural product) is no long'er elim- 

 inated from these organs, causing it to accumulate in the svstem and 

 give rise to uremic poisoning. 



Sym-ptoms. — Uremic poisoning is usuall}^ preceded b}^ dropsy of the 

 limbs or abdomen; a peculiar fetid breath is often noticed; then 

 drowsiness, attacks of diarrhea, and general debility ensue. Suddenly 

 extreme stupor or coma develops; the surface of the body becomes 

 cold; the pupils are insensible to light; the pulse slow and intermit- 

 ting; the breathing labored, and death supervenes. The temperature 

 throughout the disease is seldom increased, unless the disease becomes 

 complicated with acute inflammatory disease of the brain or respira- 

 tor}" organs, which often occur as a result of the urea in the circula- 

 tion. Albumen and tube casts may frequently be found in the urine. 

 The disease almost invariably proves fatal. 



Treatinent. — This must be directed to a removal of the cause. 



ELECTRIC SHOCK. 



Electric shock, from coming in contact with electric wires, is becom- 

 ing a matter of rather frequent occurrence, and has a similar effect 

 upon the animal system as a shock from lightning. Two degrees of 

 electric or lightning shock may be observed, one producing temporary 

 contraction of muscles and insensibility, from which recoveiy is pos- 

 sible, the other killing directly, by producing a condition of nervous 

 and general insensibility. In shocks which are not immediatel}^ fatal 

 the animal is usually insensible, the respiration slow, labored, or gasp- 

 ing, the pulse slow, feeble, and irregular, and the pupils dilated and 

 not sensitive, or they may be contracted and sensitive. The tempera- 

 ture is lowered. There may be a tendency to convulsions or spasms. 

 The predominating sj^mptoms are extreme cardiac and respiratory 

 depression. 



