520 BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. 



from the focus of contagion only by open bars in the stall Avcre 

 infected and developed the disease in its tj^pical form. 



Si/i/tptoms. — The symptoms differ slightly from those of a frank, 

 fibrinous pneumonia, but not so much by the introduction of new 

 symptoms as by the want of or absence of the distinct evidences of 

 local lesions which are found in the latter disease. All of the pneu- 

 monias throughout the whole course of the trouble are less marked 

 and less clearl}^ defined. 



The symptoms may develop slowh' or rapidly. If slowly, there is 

 fever and the animal gives a rare cough which veseiubles that of a 

 heavy horse affected with a slight chronic bronchitLs; it becomes some- 

 what dejected and dull, at times somnolent, and has a diminished 

 appetite. This condition lasts for several days, or the disease may 

 begin with high fever, and the symptoms described below are severe, 

 and develop in rapid sequence. The respiration increases to 2-1, 30, 

 or 30 to the minute, and a small, running, soft pulse attains a rhythm 

 of 50, 70, or even more beats in the sixty seconds. The heart, how- 

 ever, contrary to the debilitated condition of the pulse, is found beating 

 violentl}' and tumultuously, like it does in anthrax and septic intoxi- 

 cation. The mucous membranes of -the eyes and mouth and of the 

 genital organs are found somewhat edematous, and they rapidl}'^ assume 

 a dirt}", saffron color, at times approaching an ochcr, but distin- 

 guishable from the similar coloration in influenza by the want of the 

 luster belonging to the latter and by the muddy, dull tint, which is 

 characteristic throughout the disease. 



Suddenl}', without the preliminary rales wliich precede grave lesions 

 of the lungs in other diseases, the blowing murmur of pneumonia is 

 heard over a variable area of the chest, usually, however, much more 

 distinctly over the trachea at the base of the neck and directly behind 

 the shoulder on either side of the chest. In some cases the evidence 

 of lung lesion can onlj^ be detected over the trachea. The lesions of 

 the lungs may be scattered through both lungs, involving numerous 

 small areas, or they may be confined to and more or less fully occup}^ 

 one or two lobes. Occasionally there is a general involvement of 

 both lungs. The body temperature has now reached 104° or 105° F., 

 or in extreme cases even a degree higher. The debility of the animal 

 is great without the stupefaction or evidence of cerebral trouble, which 

 is constant with such grave constitutional phenomena in influenza or 

 severe pneumonias. The animal is subject to occasional chills, and on 

 movement staggers in its gait. The j'ellow coloration of the visible 

 mucous membrane is rendered pale by infiltration of the liquid of the 

 blood into the tissues; the pulse ma.j become so soft as to be almost 

 imperceptible, the heart movement and sounds being at the same time 

 exaggerated. Tlie animal loses flesh rapidh', and dropsies of the 

 extremities, of the under surface of the bell}', or of the internal organs 

 may show themselves. 



