52(5 BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. 



(suhmaxillarv) form abscesses as in a case of strangles; if the eruption 

 is in a pair of greasy heels abscesses ma}' form in the fold of the groin 

 (inguinal). There ma}^ be so much tumefaction of the nostrils as to 

 produce difficulty in breathing. 



Complications. — A case of horsepox ma}' be attended witli ^arious 

 complications of varying degrees of importance. Adenitis, or sup- 

 puration of the glands, has just been mentioned. Confluent eruptions 

 irritate the part and induce the animal to rub the inflamed part against 

 the manger or scratch it in other ways, and thus produce troublesome 

 ulcers, which may leave ugly scars. Irritation of the mucous mem- 

 brane of the nose causes severe corj^za with purulent discharge. 



The eruption may occur in the throat or in the air tubes to the lungs, 

 developing an acute laryngitis or bronchitis. If the animal is exposed 

 to cold, or worked so as to engorge the lungs with blood at the termi- 

 nation of the specific fever, just when the eruption is about to localize, 

 it may be determined to the lungs. In this case we have a short, dry 

 cough, labored breathing, the development of a secondar}- fever of 

 some gravity, and all of the external s3'mptoms of a pneumonia. 

 This pneumonia difi'ers, however, from an ordinar}' pneumonia in the 

 sj-mptoms furnished by the examination of the lungs themselves. In 

 place of a large mass of the lung tissue being affected the inflamma- 

 tion is disseminated in smaller spots over the entire lung. 



Diagnosis. — The diagnosis of horsepox is to be based on the pres- 

 ence of a continuous fever, with rosy mucous membranes, for several 

 days, and the appearance of the characteristic eruption. If the erup- 

 tion is in the nasal cavities, marked b}^ a considerable discharge and 

 attended by submaxillary abscesses, it maj' be confounded with stran- 

 gles. If the throat is affected it ma}' be confounded with an angina 

 (laryngitis or pharyngitis), but in the latter the local trouble precedes 

 or is concomitant with the fever, while in the former the fever pre- 

 cedes the local trouble bj- several days. Vaiiola maj" be confounded 

 with bronchitis or pneumonia if complicated with these troul)les and 

 the eruption is absent from the exterior, but it is of little moment, as 

 the treatment for both will be much the same. When the eruption is 

 in the neighborhood of the genital organs this disease has been mistaken 

 for the dourine. In variola the eruption is a temporary one; the nodes 

 and pustules are followed by shallow ulcers and rapid cicatrization 

 unless continued in the vagina or on the penis by the rubbing of the 

 walls and filth which accumulates; there are apt to be pustules at other 

 parts of the body. In the venereal disease the local trouble commences 

 as a papule and breaks into an ulcer without having formed a pustule. 

 The ulcer has not the convex ros}- appearance of that of the less serious 

 discharge; the symptoms last for a longer period, by which time others 

 aid in differentiating the two. In glanders the tubercle is hard, and, 

 after breaking into an ulcer, the indurated bottom remains, grayish or 



