548 BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. 



the onl}' ones noticed, and, as a rule, when treated with febrifuges, 

 the horse quickly improves in health and the appetite returns. This 

 condition does not last for more than a few days, when the animal is 

 again observed to present a dull and dejected appearance, and on 

 examination well-marked symptoms are found; the skin is hot, the 

 temperature more or less elevated — 101.7*^ to 104° F. ; the pulse full and 

 frequent — 56 to 64 beats per minute; the visible mucous membranes 

 may appear clean, but the conjunctival membranes, especially those 

 covering the membrana nictitans, are usually the seat of dark-red 

 patches of ecchymosis, varying in size in different animals. There is 

 more or less thirst and slight loss of appetite; the animal eats its 

 grain and green grass, but leaves all or a portion of the hay with 

 which it has been supplied. At the same time there are slight catarrhal 

 symptoms present, including lachrymation and a little mucous dis- 

 charge from the nostrils. Occasionally at this period of the disease 

 the submaxillary glands may be found enlarged and perhaps some- 

 what tender on manipulation. One symptom is markedl}' absent, 

 namely, the presence of rigors or the objective sign of chilliness. 

 In addition, it will be noted that there is some swelling and edema 

 of the legs, generally between the fetlock and the hock, which pits 

 but is not painful on pressure, and in cases of horses there ma}^ be 

 present also at this stage of the disease some swelling of the sheath. 

 When the fever and concomitant S3^mptoms have declared themselves 

 for a short period, one thing becomes especially noti<'eable in every 

 animal attacked, namel}'^, the rapidity with which it loses flesh. If 

 the blood has been examined microscopically during the second period 

 of fever, at first a few parasites will have been observed in it, which 

 day by day increase in number and reach a maximum, where they 

 remain for a varying period, or at once suddenly or gradually disap- 

 pear during the period of apyrexia. After the fever and the accom- 

 panying S3miptoms have for the second time been present for some 

 days — the period varying from one to six — the animal is found to 

 have lost the dull, dejected apj^earance and to look bright. The tem- 

 perature has fallen and, in some cases, has attained normal or even 

 subnormal limits. The visible mucous membranes are clean and the 

 conjunctival petechias begin to fade; the pulse, however, will be found 

 to be weak and thready in character, but the appetite excellent, and, 

 in fact, if it were not for the loss of flesh and slight edema of the 

 legs, there would be little to show that the animal was sick. But 

 unfortunately this condition does not continue for any length of time, 

 for again the temperature is elevated; in the course of a few hours 

 the thermometer registers a still higher degree, the animal is dull and 

 dejected, and by the following day the visible mucous membranes 

 present a yellow tinge; large ecchymoses, dark in color, appear on 

 the conjunctival membranes, the action of the heart is irritable', the 



