1895.] ESSAYS. 15 



Thus, it will be observed that our starting-point in pomology is 

 directly traced to the early settlers, who brought with them the love 

 of fruit growing, and, although for nearly two centuries progress 

 and advancement of pomology was comparatively slow, it was no 

 less firmly rooted, and its rapid and continuous advancement spread 

 over the whole country ; the practice, the science, the art of pomol- 

 ogy, had barely dawned in the beginning of the present century, 

 and orchards were quite in contrast with the intelligent and judicious 

 care they receive at the present day ; the career of the pomologist was 

 yet in its earliest stages, but his eye has been turned upward and 

 onward — his labor unremitting. 



No man in the beginning of the nineteenth century seemed, or even 

 regarded himself, a true American of the higher type, who did not 

 plant fruit trees, and, although it was after the war of the Revolution 

 and after the war of 1812 before fine orchards and gardens became 

 numerous, small-fruits began to receive cultivation in the gardens of 

 the wealthy, and wild berries only were sold in the markets ; we had 

 just commenced to develop the resources of our great country, which 

 embraces every clime and every variety of soil adapted to the cultiva- 

 tion of fruits, both indigenous and exotic. 



Even this brief sketch of pomology in New England would be in- 

 complete without some mention of the Societies, both Agricultural 

 and Horticultural, together with the papers and periodicals treating 

 of agriculture, stimulating the introduction of fruits, and treating of 

 the better modes of cultivation ; one of the earliest works published 

 in New England, its title " Essays upon Field Husbandry," by Rev. 

 Jared Elliot, of Killingworth, Conn., begun in 1747, but barely 

 alluding to fruit culture. But Elliot introduced into Connecticut the 

 White Mulberry, and wrote a treatise on the mulberry tree and silk- 

 worms. 



"The New England Farmer," by Dr. Samuel Deane, was published 

 in 1790. "The American Gardener" was published in Washington, 

 D. C, in 1804. " The American Practical Gardener" was published 

 in Baltimore, in 1819. A "Treatise on the Cultivation of Flowers," by 

 Roland Green, was published in Boston, in 1828 ; and numerous other 

 papers have aided and encouraged pomology. 



The first efforts for promoting agriculture by societies was the 

 formation of the "Philadelphia Society for Promoting Agriculture," 

 in 1785; and "The Agricultural Society of South Carolina" was 

 incorporated in 1795. The "Massachusetts Society for Promoting 

 Agriculture "was incorporated in 1792. It was the pioneer of agricul- 



