Pediculaiiis. SCROPHULARIACE^. 49 



16. PEDICULARIS. Linn. ; Stev. in mem. soc. hist. nat. Mosq. vol. 6 ; Endl. gen. 4015. 



LOUSE- WORT. 

 [From the Latin, pediculus, a louse ; so named, it is said, because it produces the louey disease in sheep which feed on it.] 



Calyx ventricose, unequally 5-toothed, or 2-lipped ; the upper lip 2-toothed or entire ; the 

 lower 3-toothed, or sometimes obliquely truncate. Corolla ringent ; the upper lip galeate 

 and often rostrate, emarginate ; lower 3-lobed , the middle lobe narrowest. Capsule 

 oblique, compressed, 2-celled, 2-valyed, loculicidal ; the dissepiment bearing the seeds 

 towards its base. Seeds rather numerous, ovoid, with a prominent raphe ; the testa con- 

 formed to the nucleus. — Herbs, usually with simple stems. Leaves alternate, opposite or 

 verticillate, pinnatifid or incisely toothed. Flowers in dense or interrupted terminal bracteate 

 spikes. 



1. Pediculari? Canadensis, Linn. Common Lousewort. Wood Betony. 



Stem simple, oblique ; leaves pinnatifid , the segments crenate-toothed ; spike leafy at the 

 base ; calyx obliquely truncate ; galea of the corolla with two setaceous teeth. — Linn. mant. 

 p. 86 ; Walt.fl. Car. p. 171 ; Michx.fl. 2. p. 18 ; Pursh, fl. 2. p. 425 ; Ell. sk. 2. p. 124 ; 

 Bigtl. Jl. Bost. p. 425 ; Sweet, Brit. fl. gard. t. 67 ; Beck, hot. p. 269 ; Darlingt. fl. Cest. 

 p. 374 ; Stcv. I. c. p. 41. P. gladiata, Michx. I. c. 



Perennial. Stems 6-12 inches high, often several from one root, pubescent. Radical 

 leaves crowded, 2 — 4 inches long, petiolate, oblong-lanceolate, hoary pubescent when young, 

 but nearly smooth when old : stem-leaves alternate and opposite. Flowers at first in an oblong 

 leafy head, which is gradually elongated, and in fruit becomes a spike several inches in length. 

 Calyx gibbous, obliquely truncate from above downward. Corolla brownish yellow, often 

 mixed with dull purple. Style exserted between the teeth of the galea. Capsule somewhat 

 ensiform. 



Meadows, woods and moist thickets ; very common. Fl. May. Fr. June. 



2. Pedicularis lanceolata, Michx. (Plate LXXV.) Tall Lousewort. 



Stem erect, mostly branching, smoothish ; leaves nearly opposite, lanceolate, crenately 

 incised, with the segments denticulate-serrate, rough on the margin ; calyx 2-cleft, with the 

 lubes roundish-ovate and leafy, toothed ; galea of the corolla truncate at the apex ; capsule 

 roundish-ovate. — Michx. fl. 2. p. 18 ; Muhl. cat. p. 58 ; Pursh, fl. 2. p. 424. P. pallida, 

 Pursh, fl. 2. p. 424 ; Nutt. gen. 2. p. 50 ; Torr. compend. p. 242 ; Beck, hot. p. 269 ; Dar- 

 lingt. fl. Cest. p. 374 ; " Stev. I. c. p. 18. t: 4. /. 2 ;" Hook. fl. Bor.-Am. 2. p. 107. P. 

 Virginica, Pair, (ex Hook.). 



Perennial. Plant 1-3 feet high, commonly with a pubescent line running alternately from 

 joint to joint, sometimes simple, but usually more or less branched. Leaves 2-4 inches 

 1 Flora — Vol. 2.] 7 



