86 BORAGINACEjE, Lithospermum. 



2. LiTHOSPERMUM OFFICINALE, Liun. CommoTi Gromwell. 



Stem erect, much branched ; leaves broadly or ovate-lanceolate, acute, prominently nerved, 

 rough above, hairy underneath ; tube of the corolla as long as the calyx ; nuts smooth and 

 pohshed. — Linn. sp. 1. p. 132 ; Engl. hot. t. 134 ; Torr. fl. 1. p. 202 ; Bigel fl. Bost. 

 p. 71 ; Beck, hot. p. 251 ; Hook. fl. Bar. -Am. 2. p. 88. 



Perennial. Stem 12-18 inches high, often branched from the root and somewhat diffuse, 

 rough with appressed hairs. Leaves 1-2 inches long, and from one half to three quarters 

 of an inch wide ; the hairs on the upper surface growing out of small depressed tubercles. 

 Flowers in leafy spike -like racemes. Pedicels 2-3 lines long. Segments of the calyx 

 subulate-lanceolate. Corolla pale yellow^ Nuts ovoid, often with a number of small de- 

 pressions. 



Dry waste places, river-banks, road-sides, etc. ; near Singsing, and in the western part of 

 the State. Probably of European origin. June. 



5. BATSCHIA. Gmel. syst. 315 ; Michx. fl. \.p. 129. PUCCOON. 



[ In honor of John George Batsch, a German botanist of the last century.] 

 Calyx deeply 5-parted. Corolla somewhat salverform ; the limb nearly flat, with 5 rounded 

 lobes : throat naked : tube longer than the calyx, with a bearded ring at the base. Stamens 

 very short. Style included : stigma capitate smd somewhat 2-lobed. Nuts smooth and 

 shining, not perforate at the base. — Herbaceous hairy or villous plants ; the flowers axillary 

 and crowded near the summit of the stem and branches, yellow, large. 



1. Batschia canescens, Michx. Common Puccoon. Alkanet. 



Stem villous ; leaves lanceolate-oblong, silky pubescent above, almost villous underneath ; 

 tube of the corolla about twice as long as the calyx. — Michx. fl. 1. p. 30. f. 14 ; Pursh,fl. 1. 

 p. 132 ; Bart. fl. N. Am. t. 58 ; Beck, hot. p. 252 ; Darlingt. fl. Cest. p. 118. Anchusa 

 Virginica, Linn. sp. 1. p. 133. A. canescens, Muhl. cat. p. 18. Lithospermum canescens, 

 Lehm. Asperif. p. 305 ; Torr. fl. 1. p. 203 ; Hook. fl. Bor.-Am. 2. p. 88. 



Root large, descending obliquely, red. Stems 8-12 inches high, often several from one 

 root, sometimes trichotomously branched at the summit, clothed with rather stiff spreading 

 hairs. Leaves about an inch and a half long and 3-5 lines wide, pale green, rather obtuse 

 or sometimes slightly emarginate ; the pubescence of the upper surface more silky and ap- 

 pressed than that of the lower. Flowers usually in two short unequal leafy racemes, which 

 are circinate, with the flowers much crowded. Segments of the calyx linear-lanceolate, villose. 

 Corolla more than half an inch long, bright orange-yellow. Stamens nearly sessile, about 

 one-third the length of the tube of the corolla. Style included : stigma distinctly capitate, 

 and cleft into two lobes. Nuts ovoid, hard and smooth. 



Northern part of the State (Prof. Hadley). May. The root of this plant is used by the 

 Indians of Canada and the Northwest, for painting red. 



