180 JUGLANDACE^. Juglans. 



A tree 30 - 60 feet high, with a trunk 1-2 feet or more in diameter (in the Western 

 States the younger Michaux found it from 3 to 6 or 7 feet in diameter) ; when growing alone, 

 forming a large spreading head ; the bark thick and blackish. Leaves a foot or more in 

 length ; the leaflets in 6 - 9 pairs with an odd leaflet, 2-4 inches long, on short partial 

 footstalks, serrate. Sterile aments pendulous, cylindrical ; the flowers at length rather distant. 

 Scales or bracts ovate, acute, hairy. Calyx orbicular, unequally and obtusely 5 -cleft. 

 Stamens 30 - 40 : filaments very short : anthers oblong ; the cells distinct. Fertile flowers 

 2-4 together at the extremity of the branches. Ovary cylindrical-ovate, crowned with the 

 small 4-toothed limb of the calyx and the 4 petals : stigmas 2, nearly sessile, large, diverging, 

 somewhat clavate, lacerately fringed on the upper surface. Drupe about 2 inches in diameter, 

 sometimes a little ovoid, greenish yellow when ripe, spongy, decaying without splitting into 

 valves ; the nut sulcate, with irregular obtuse ridges. 



Rich woodlands ; rare above the Highlands, and in the northwestern parts of the State ; 

 occasionally found in the southwestern counties. Fl. May. Fr. October. The heart-wood 

 is of a purplish brown color when fresh, but becomes blackish with age. It is much esteemed 

 for cabinet work. The immature fruit gnits a strong resinous odor when bruised. The ripe 

 kernel is sweet and wholesome. 



According to Loudon, there is in the gardens of the Trianon at Versailles, a hybrid between 

 this species and Juglans regia, which partakes in an equal degree of the properties of both, 

 and has ripened fruit from which young plants have been raised possessed of similar charac- 

 ters. A very large tree of this kind existed until lately on the grounds of Clement Moore, 

 Esq., on the Island of New-York. Nuts taken from it produced thrifty plants in Prince's 

 garden at Flushing. This tree was first observed by Major J. Le Conte, and is noticed in my 

 catalogue of New-York plants (1819) as Juglans hybrida. 



2. Juglans cinerea, Linn. Butternut. White Walnut. 



Leaflets oblong-lanceolate, rounded at the base, softly pubescent underneath , the petioles 

 villous ; drupe ovoid-oblong, pubescent and viscid ; nut elliptical-oblong, acuminate, deeply 

 sculptured and rough. — Linn. sp. (ed. 2.) 2. p. 1415 ; Michx. fl. 2. p. 191 ; Pursh, fl. 2. 

 p. 636 ; Ell. sk. 2. p. 623 ; Bigel. med. hot. t. 32, and fl. Bost. p. 352 ; Toit. compend. 

 p. 357 ; Beck, hot, p. 335 ; Darlingt. fl. Cest. p. 543. J. cathartica, Michx. fl. sylv. t. 31. 



A tree 20 - 40 feet high and 1-2 feet in diameter ; the branches covered with a smoothish 

 gray bark. Leaflets in 7 - 8 pairs with an odd one, about 3 inches long, acuminate, serrate ; 

 common petiole 12-15 inches long. Sterile flowers pendulous from the last year's shoots, 

 3-5 inches long. Calyx oblong, deeply 3-cleft. Stamens 8 - 10 ; the anthers oblong, nearly 

 sessile. Fertile flowers 3 — 7 in a short terminal spike, sessile. Limb of the calyx obscurely 

 4-toothed. Petals 4, narrowly lanceolate. Ovary sessile, viscidly pubescent : style short : 

 stigmas 2, rose -colored, large, elongated, pubescent and fimbriate. Fruit sessile on an 

 elongated common peduncle 2-3 inches long, at first green, but brown when ripe, very viscid. 



