Orchis. ORCHIDACEiE. 273 



lanceolate : spur thick and clavate, a little shorter than the ovate entire lip, and about the 

 length of the ovary. — Linn. sjj. 2. p. 943; Pursh, fl. 2. p. 587; Nutt. gen. 2. p. 189; 

 Hook. exot. Jl. p. 69 ; Ell. sk. 2. p. 487 ; Bigel. Jl. Bost. p. 320 ; Torr. compend. p. 316 ; 

 Beck, hot. p. 347 ; Lindl. Orchid, p. 267 Darlingt. Jl. Cest. p. 505 ; Hook. Jl. Bor.-Am. 2. 

 p. 195. 0. humilis, Michx, Jl. 2. p. 155. Habenaria spectabilis, Sprang, syst. 2. p. 689. 



Root consisting of a few thick fleshy fibres or tubers. Leaves usually two, 3-5 inches 

 long and 2 — 3 inches wide, sometimes nearly orbicular, of a bluish green, narrowed at the 

 base but hardly petiolate. Scape acutely 5-angled, 4-7 inches high, naked, or sometimes 

 furnished with a leaf which is smaller than the radical ones. Spike 4 - 6-flowered ; the 

 flowers large. Bracts usually longer, but sometimes shorter than the flowers. Sepals and 

 petals connivent and vaulted, of a violet purple color. Lip and spur white. Spur obtuse. 

 Stalks of the pollen as long as the masses. 



Woods, in rich vegetable mould : frequent. Fl. May. 



7. GYMNADENIA. R. Brown in hort. Kew. (ed. 2.) 5. p. 191 ; Lindl. Orchid, p. 275. 



GYMNADENIA 

 [From the Greek, gymnos, naked, and aden, a gland.] 



Lip with a spur at the base. Glands of the stalks of the pollen-masses naked, approximated. 

 — Habit that of Orchis, 



1. Gymnadenia tridentata, Lindl. Three-toothed Gymnadenia. 



Lower leaf oblong, rather obtuse, upper leaves much smaller ; flowers few, in a short 

 oblong spike ; lip cuneate-oblong, 3-toothed at the apex ; sepals and petals oblong-ovate, 

 obtuse, as long as the lip ; spur filiform-clavate, incurved, longer than the ovary. — Lindl. 

 Orchid, p. 227 ; Hook. Jl. Bor.-Am. 2. p. 195. Orchis tridentata, Willd. sp. 4. p. 41 ; 

 Pursh, Jl. 2. p. 587 ; Bart. Jl. N. Am. 1. t. 15 ; Toir. compend. p. 317. Habenaria tri- 

 dentata. Hook. exot. Jl. p. 81 ; Beck, hot. p. 348 ; Darlingt. Jl. Cest. p. 507. Orchis 

 clavellata, var. tridentata, Muhl. cat. p. 80 ; Nutt. gen. 2. p. 189. O. clavellata, Ell. sk. 2. 

 p. 505. 



Root consisting of a few thick fleshy fibres. Stem 8-12 inches high, slender, angular. 

 Principal leaf situated near the base, 3-4 inches long and three-fourths of an inch wide, 

 tapering at the base ; the other leaves much smaller, lanceolate and bract-like. Spike 6-12- 

 flowered, rather compact. Flowers pale yellowish green. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 

 shorter than the ovary. Sepals and petals nearly alike, about 2 lines long. Lip with 3 short 

 equal teeth at the apex. 



Moist shady places, and swamps : rather rare. Fl. July. If Orchis clavellata of Michaux 

 be only a variety of this plant with the lip entire, its specific name ought (being the older one) 

 to have been adopted when it was removed to another genus. This . plant is, as Hooker 

 remarks, a doubtful congener of G. conopsea, Rich. 

 [Flora — Vol. 2.] 35 



