Carex. CYPERACEiE. 399 



62. Carex Pennsylvanica, Lam. Pennsylvanian Sedge. 



Sterile spike solitary, mostly pedunculate ; fertile spikes 1-3, ovoid, few-flowered, nearly 

 sessile, approximate ; perigynium ovoid-globose, densely pubescent, with a short beak which 

 is slightly 2-toothed at the apex, about the length of the ovate mucronate or acuminate scale. 

 — Lam. enc. 3. p. 388; Gray, Gram. <^ Cyp. part 2. no. 162; Torr. Cyp. p. 410. C. 

 marginata, Muhl. in Willd. sp. 4. p. 261, and gram. p. 237 ; Schk. Car. t. Lll. /. 143 ; 

 Schwein. ^ Torr. Car. I. c. p. 322 ; Dew. Car. I. c. \\. p. 163 ; Kunth, enum. 2. p. 443. 



var. Muhlenhergii : sterile spike sessile ; perigynium more ovoid, the beak longer and 

 more distinctly 2-toothed at the summit. — Gray, I. c. no. 162 ; Torr. Cyp. I. c. C. varia, 

 Muhl. in Willd. sp. 4. p. 259 ; Schk. I. c. t. Uuu./. 167 ; Muhl. gram. p. 236 ; Ell. sk. 2. 

 p. 541 ; Schwein. <^ Torr. I. c. p. 329 ; Dew. I. c. p. 162 ; Kunth, I. c. 



Culms 6-15 inches high, triquetrous, rough above, slender, growing in tufts. Leaves 

 about a line and a half wide, somewhat glaucous. Sterile spike 6 — 8 lines long, usually on a 

 short peduncle ; the scales oblong, obtuse or somewhat acute, brownish red margined with 

 white. Fertile spikes commonly 2, 4 - 8-flowered ; the lowest one sometimes pedunculate. 

 Scale often a little longer than the perigynium, brownish red with a pale margin. Perigynium 

 roughly pubescent, about a line and a half long, very thin and membranaceous, somewhat 

 triangular from the three prominent ribs ; the beak often a little oblique. Achenium globose- 

 triangular, obtuse. Style articulated. 



Dry woods and hillsides : common. Fl. April. Fr. May. Very near C. pilulifera of 

 Europe. I have never been able to find sufficient characters for distinguishing C. Penn- 

 sylvanica from C. varia. To the latter. Dr. Boott ( who retains both species ) joins C. 

 Emmonsii <^ collecta of Dewey, and C. Novce-AnglicB of Schweinitz, 



63. Carex NoViE- Anglic, Schwein. New-England Sedge. 



Sterile spike on a short peduncle ; fertile spikes 2-3, nearly sessile, ovoid, few-flowered, 

 approximate ; perigynium oblong-ovoid, somewhat triquetrous, attenuate at the base, beaked, 

 minutely pubescent, rather longer than the ovate mucronate scale ; culm filiform, nearly 

 decumbent. — Schwein. anal. tab. I. c. ; Dew. Car. I. c. 9. p. 64. t. 2. f. 7 ; Schwein. <^ 

 Torr. Car. I. c. p. 328 ; Kunth, enum. 2. p,408. C. collecta, Dew. I.e. 11. p. 314. t. 7. 

 /. 44 ? 



Culm 6 — 8 inches high, very slender, leafy below. Leaves about a line wide, smoothish. 

 Staminalc spike about one third of an inch long ; the scales reddish brown, oblong, rather 

 obtuse. Fertile spikes mostly 2 ; the lower one on a short peduncle, 4 - 5-flowered. Fertile 

 scale about two thirds the length of the perigynium, brownish purple, with a green keel. 

 Perigynium rather more than a line long, attenuate at the base into a short stipe, somewhat 

 triangular, green i the beak a Uttle obUque, and slightly 2-toothed at the apex. Achenium 

 closely invested with the very thin perigynium, ovoid, obtusely triangular. Style articulated 

 at the base. 



Mount Marcy, Essex county, on the Adirondack river (Dr. Knieskern). Fl. June July. 



