POLYPODIUM. FILICES. 485 



Rhizoma long and slender, blackish. Stipe 6-10 inches long, sparingly chaffy, and 

 clothed with a minute retrorse pubescence. Frond triangular in the outline, 3-5 inches 

 long, with numerous opposite linear-lanceolate pinnae, the lowest of which are usually more 

 or less deflexed ; all of them closely approximated, leaving. Rachis and rachillae chaffy. 

 Veins and margin of the segments distinctly hairy, Sori minute, mostly 4 on each segment, 

 toward the base and near the margin. 



Shady woods, chiefly in the northern and western parts of the State. Fl. July. 



3. PoLYPODiUM HEXAGONOPTERUM, MicJix. Winged Polypody. 



Frond bipinnatifid ; pinnae rather distant, the lowest ones deflexed ; segments lanceolate, 

 obtuse, ciliate, crenate or toothed, glandularly puberulent underneath, the lowest decurrent 

 and forming a conspicuous wing to the rachis ; stipe smooth. — Michx. fl. 2. p. 271 ; Willd. 

 sp. 5. p. 200 ; Pursh, fl. 2. p. 659 ; Torr. compend. p. 380 ; Beck, bot. p. 447 ; Darlingt. 

 fl. Cest. p. 575. P. Phegopteris, var. majus. Hook. fl. Bor.-Am. 2. p. 258. 



Stipe 8 — 15 inches long, slender, quite smooth. Frond triangular in outline ; the base 

 6-9 inches wide, and usually exceeding the length : pinnae connected by the lowest segments, 

 which unite in pairs on each side of the rachis, upon which they are confluent, forming a 

 somewhat panduriform membrane ; the under surface minutely glandular, and also pubescent 

 on the veins and rachis. Sori minute, marginal, and forming a single row on the upper 

 divisions, but appearing in a double or triple row on the lower pinnae, which are more or less 

 deeply toothed, the sori being seated on the margin of the teeth. 



Moist and rather shady woods : common. Fr. July. Differs from the preceding in its 

 larger size, smooth stipe, glandular under surface of the frond, distant pinnae, and toothed or 

 crenate segments. 



**♦ Frond temate, bipinnate. 



4. PoLYPODiUM Dryopteris, Linu. Three-branched Polypody. 



Frond ternate ; the divisions bipinnate, spreading or deflexed, somewhat rigid ; segments 

 oblong, rather obtuse, nearly entire ; sori marginal, finally in contact. — Linn. sp. pi. (ed. 2.) 

 2. p. 1555; Engl. bot. t. 616 ; Bigel. fl. Bost. p. 389 ; Torr. compend. p. 380; Beck, 

 bot. p. 448 ; Hook. fl. Bor.-Am. 2. p. 259. P. calcareum. Smith, Engl. bot. t. 1525 ; 

 Pursh, fl. 2. p. 659 ; Beck, I. c. Nephrodium Dryopteris, Michx. fl. 2. p. 270. 



Rhizoma black, creeping, slender. Stipe 6-12 inches long, erect, slender but somewhat 

 rigid, smooth. Frond ternately divided, 4-6 inches wide, triangular in the outline ; the 

 divisions stipitate, of a light green color, and dull : segments 3-4 lines long. Sori small, 

 light brown. 



Moist shady woods, northern and western counties : frequent. Fr. July. This species is 

 common to Europe and North America. 



