FuMARiA. FUMARIACE^. 49 



4. FUMARIA. Linn. ; Endl. gen. 4843. FUMITORY: 



[Named from /umiM, smoke; in allusion, it is thought, toitaamsIL] 

 Corolla with only one of the exterior petals obtusely spurred or gibbous at the base. Style 

 deciduous : stigma 2-parted. Fruit at first somewhat fleshy and drupaceous, at length dry, 

 eomewhat globose or obovoid, not dehiscent, one-seeded. Seed globose-reniform, dull ; 

 without a strophiole. — Annual herbs, with finely dissected leaves, and small flowers in 

 dense racemes. 



1. FuMARiA OFFICINALIS, Linfi. CotTimon Fumitory. 



Sepals ovate-lanceolate, acute, sharply notched, about the length of the globose retuse 

 fruit ; bracts much longer than the pedicels of the fruit. — Arnott in Hook. Jl. Bor.-Am. 1. 

 p. 37; Torr. ^ Gr. Jl. N. Am. 1. p. 70. 



var. diffuse or climbing ; segments of the leaves broad, glaucous. — Arnott, I. c. ; Torr. 

 4- Gr. I. c. F. media, DC.prodr. 1. p. 130. F. officinalis, Pursh,fl. 2. p. 463; Bigel.fl. 

 Bost.p. 262; Darlingt.fl. Cest.p. 401. 



Stem at first erect, at length diffuse, 8-12 inches long. Racemes 12 - 20-flowered. 

 Flowers pale violet, mixed with green and purple. 



Fields, road-sides and cultivated grounds ; naturalized in a few places ; particularly on the 

 banks of the Hudson. May - August. 



Order XII. CRUCIFER^. Juss. The Cruciferous Tribe. 



Calyx of 4 deciduous sepals, which are imbricated, or very rarely valvate in 

 aestivation ; the 2 outer (anterior and posterior) corresponding to the stigmas, 

 and often narrow; the 2 inner opposite the valves of the capsule. Corolla of 

 4 regular deciduous petals, with claws ; the limbs spreading in the form of a 

 cross. Stamens 6 ; the 2 opposite the lateral sepals shorter, and usually inserted 

 somewhat lower than the others ; the other 4 in pairs opposite the anterior 

 and posterior sepals ; anthers introrse. Torus with 2 or more green glands 

 between the stamens and the ovary. Ovary of two united carpels, with 2 

 parietal placentae which are united by a membranaceous (false) dissepiment 

 Stigmas 2, opposite the placentae. Fruit a pod (called a silique when the 

 length much exceeds the breadth, and a silicle when short and broad), 2-celIed, 

 usually several or many-seeded, dehiscent by the separation of the valves from 

 [Floka.] 7 



