CRAT^ors. ROSACEiE. 221 



1. Crataegus Oxyacantha, Linn. Hawthorn. English Thorn. 



Leaves obovate, laciniately lobed and serrate, obtusely cuneate at the base, shining, nearly 

 smooth ; segments of the calyx ovate, acute, not glandular ; styles 1 - 3 ; fruit ovoid, small. 

 —Linn. sp. I. p. 497 ; Engl. hot. t. 2054 ; DC. prodr. 2. p. 628 ; Darlingt.fl. Cest. p. 294 ; 

 Torr. 4- Gr. ft. N. Am. 1. p. 463. 



A shrub 4-10 feet high ; the branches armed with sharp, rather slender thorns. Leaves 

 about an inch long, 3 - 5-lobed, decurrent at the base on the slender petiole. Corymbs many- 

 flowered, on short branches or spurs ; the pedicels smooth. Styles mostly solitary. Fruit about 

 one-third of an inch long, purple when mature, containing usually a single thick bony carpel. 



Hedges and fields ; a native of Europe, but naturalized in some places. May. 



2. CRATiEGUs Crus-galli, Linn. Cockspur Thorn. 



Leaves obovate-cuneiform, shining and smooth, coriaceous and nearly sessile, serrate ; 

 peduncles and pedicels smooth, or nearly so ; calyx-segments lanceolate, a little serrate ; 

 styles 1 - 3 ; fruit (red) somewhat pyriform. — Linn. sp. 1. p. 476 ; Michx. fl.\. p. 288 ; 

 PwrsA, ^. 1. p. 338; £ZZ. sft. 1. p. 548 ; Torr. /. 1 . p. 476 ; Wats, dendr. t. 5& \ DC. 

 prodr. 2. p. 626 ; Hook. fl. Bor.-Am. 1. p. 200 ; Beck, hot. p. Ill ; Darlingt. fl. Cest. 

 p. 290 ; Tcyrr. ^ Gr.fl. N. Am. 1. p. 463. C. lucida, Wang. Amer. t. 11. f. 42. Mespilus 

 lucida, Ehrh. beitr. 4. p. 17. M. Crus-galli, Lam. diet. 4. p. 441 ; Willd. enum. l.p. 523. 



Trunk 10-20 feet high, and sometimes 6-8 inches in diameter, but usually much 

 smaller, much branched ; the younger shoots often long and flexuous. Spines slender, 

 Ij - 2^ inches long. Leaves about two inches long, and varying from half an inch to more 

 than an inch in breadth, acute or obtuse, often rounded at the summit, tapering to a long 

 narrow base, but with scarcely any petiole ; bright shining green on the upper surface. 

 Corymb smooth. Segments of the calyx often nearly entire. Petals white. Stamens about 

 10. Styles mostly solitary, and seldom more than two. Fruit the size of a small cherry. 



Borders of woods, thickets, along fences, etc. Fl. June. Fr. October. Used for hedges 

 in many places, and seems to be preferable to most other thorns for this purpose. It is 

 sometimes called Newcastle TTiorn. 



3. Crataegus coccinea, Linn. White Thorn. 



Leaves ovate or roundish-ovate (membranaceous), acutely incised or angularly lobed, 

 sharply serrate, on long slender petioles, at length nearly smooth, often truncate or a little 

 cordate at the base ; spikes stout ; corymbs and caljnc at first a little pubescent, finally 

 smoothish ; styles 3 - 5 ; fruit large (red), globose. — Linn. sp. I. p. 476 ; Ait. Kew. (ed. 1.) 

 2. p.\61 ; Willd. sp. 2. p. 1000 ; Michx. fl.\. p. 288 ; Ell. sk. 1. p. 553 ; Torr. fl. 1. 

 p. 474 ; DC. prodr. 2. p. 627 ; Lindl. hot. reg. t. 1957 ; Bot. mag. t. 3432 ; Beck, hot. 

 p. 112; Darlingt.fl. Cest. p. 293 ; Torr. ^ Gr. fl. N. Am. 1. p. 465. C. glandulosa, 

 Willd. I. c. ; DC. I. c. ; Hook. I. c. C. viridis, Linn. 



