GROUPS AND ORDERS. 293 



Gbocp 8. Ovary free, 1-2- (sometimes spuriously 4-) celled, with numerous ovules. Corolla 2-lipped or irregular ; the 

 stamens inserted upon its tube, and mostly fewer than its lobes, or oflen didynamous, 

 * Ovary one^elled. 



64. LENTiBULACEa:. Ovary with a free central placenta. — Herbs, growing in water or wet places. Flowers on 



scapes. 



65. OBOBiNCHicEiG. Ovary with parietal placents. — Herbs ; parasitic on roots, destitute of foliage: 



** Ovary 2-celled, with the placentse in the axis. 



66. Pediluceje. Ovary surrounded with a fleshy disk. Fruit indurated or drupaceous, often 2 - 4-bonied. Seeds 



without albumen. — Usually viscid herbs. 



67. ScROPHnLARiACEiK. Stamens 4, didynamous (rarely only 2, or with a 5th sterile filament). Capsule 2-vaIved. 



Seeds numerous, albuminous. 



Gkodp 9. Ovary free, 2 - 4-lobed, and in fruit separating into as many one-seeded little nuts or achenia, or else entire 

 and drupaceous, including as many one-seeded nucules. Corolla regular or irregular ; the stamens inserted 

 upon its tube, equalling its lobes, or fewer in number. 



68. Verbenaceje. Corolla 2-lipped, or 4 - 5-lobed and more or less irregular. Stamens mostly 4 and didynamous, 



sometimes only 2. Ovary entire, 2 - 4-celled. Fruit drupaceous, baccate or dry, usually splitting 

 into 2-4 indehiscent carpels. 



69. LaBUT£. Corolla 2-Iipped. Stamens 4, didynamous, or only 2. Ovary deeply 4-Iobed ; the style proceeding 



from the base of the lobes. Fruit consisting of 4 little nuts or achenia included in the persistent 

 calyx. — Aromatic herbs, or somewhat shrubby plants with square stems. 



70. BoRAOiNACEf. Corolla regular; the limb 5-lobed, often with a row of scales in the throat. Stamens as many 



as the lobes of the corolla, and alternate with them. Fruit consisting of 4 little nuts or achenia. — 

 Herbs or sometimes shrubby plants, with round stems and alternate rough leaves. 



Group 10. Ovary free (superior), compound or with the carpels distinct, with several or numerous (rarely solitary) ovules 

 in each cell. Corolla regular; the stamens inserted on its tube, as many as its lobes and alternate with them. 

 * Ovary compound, of 2 or more united carpels. 



71. HTDRoPHTLLACEa:. Calyx 5-clefl, with the sinuses oflcn appendaged. Corolla usually furnished with scales 



or honey-bearing grooves inside ; the five stamens inserted into its base. Ovary with two parietal 

 placenta. — Herbs with lobed leaves. 



72. DiAPEN8iACE£. Calyx of 5 imbricated sepals. Corolla 5-Iobed. Stamens with petaloid filaments : anthers 



transversely 2-vaIved. Capsule 3-valved. Embryo with a slender radicle and short cotyledons. — 

 Low evergreen shrubs. 



73. COST0LTI7LACE.E. Calyx of 5 imbricated sepals. Corolla plaited and twisted in Estivation ; the limb oflen 



entire. Stamens 5. Capsule 2-4- (sometimes 1-) celled, septifragal. Seeds large, with foliaceous 

 crumpled cotyledons. — Twining plants, with showy flowers. 



74. SoLANEiE. Calyx of 4 - 5 more or less united sepals. Corolla regular or sometimes a little irregular, plaited in 



SBStivation. Capsule or berry 2-cellcd, many-seeded. Embryo mostly curved, in fleshy albumen. — 

 Herbs or shrubs, with watery juice and alternate leaves. 



75. Gentianace^:. Calyx of 4 - 5 persistent, more or less united sepals. Corolla mostly twisted in sestivation. 



Ovary one-celled, with 2 parietal but oflen introflexed placenta;. Capsule many-seeded. Seeds with 

 fleshy albumen and a minute embryo. — Herbs with a watery juice. Leaves mostly opposite. Flowers 

 showy. 



*• Ovaries mostly 2, and distinct. Fruit usually consisting of 2 follicles. 



76. Apoctnace^. Filaments distinct ; the anthers sometimes slightly connected. Pollen granular. 



77. AscLEPiADACE^. Stamens consolidated with the stigma. Pollen collected into masses, which are attached to 



the angles of the stigma. 



Group 11. Ovary free, 2.celled, with 1-3 ovules in each cell. Fruit 1 - 2-seeded. Corolla regular, sometimes nearly 

 polypetalous, occasionally wanting. Stamens 2, or fewer than the lobes of the corolla, inserted upon its 

 tube or upon the receptacle. — Shrubs or trees, 



78. Oleace£. Calyx persistent. Corolla 4-cleft, or of 4 distinct petals. Stamens 2. Fruit usually one-celled, 



1 - 2-seeded. 



