380 COMPOSITiE. RUDBECKIA. 



fl. gard. t. 82 ; Beck, boOp. 204 ; Darlingt. fl. Cest. p. 480 ; DC. prodr. 5. p. 556 ; Torr. 

 ^ Gr. fl. N. Am. 2. p. 307. R. serotina, Nutt. in jour. acad. Phil. 7. p. 80. 



Root perennial. Stem 2-3 feet high, often simple, terete and striate. Radical and lower 

 cauline leaves 2-4 inches long and about an inch wide, acute. Heads (including the rays) 

 about 2^ inches in diameter, on very long and rather slender peduncles. Scales of the in- 

 volucre variable in length, sometimes nearly as long as the ray, foliaceous, ciliate. Rays 

 about 14, slightly 2-toothed at the apex, rather pale yellow. Disk dark purplish-brown. 

 Achenia scarcely more than a line long, prismatic, dark purple. Pappus a minute margin. 



Meadows, and along fences. Near Buffalo {Dr. Sartwell). July - August, 



2. RuDBECKiA LACiNiATA, Linti. Toll Sttiooth Rudbeckio. 



Stem smooth (tall), branching ; leaves minutely hairy and rough, the radical and lowermost 

 pinnately divided, the divisions (5 - 7) 3-lobed or incised ; upper leaves 3 - 5-parted, with 

 ovate-lanceolate segments, uppermost undivided ; heads few, in a loose corymbose panicle ; 

 disk conical, yellowish ; rays drooping, about twice the length of the involucre ; achenia 

 crowned with a short toothed pappus, about twice the length of the boat-form truncate chaff. 

 — Linn. sp. 2. p. 906 ; Michx.fl. 2. p. 144 ; Pursh, fl. 2. p. 575 ; Ell. sk. 2. p. 451 ; Bart, 

 fl. Am. Sept. 1. f. 16 ; Bigel.fl. Bost. p. 316 ; Beck, hot. p. 205 ; Darlingt. fl. Cest. p. 481 ; 

 DC. prodr. 5. p. 555 ; Torr. 4- Gr. fl. N. Am. 2. p. 311. 



Root perennial. Stem 4-8 feet high, terete, striate. Radical and lower leaves petioled, 

 6-8 inches or more in length, mostly with 5 deep lobes or segments, which are more or less 

 incised and serrate ; the terminal segment usually 3-cleft. Heads on rather long peduncles. 

 Scales of the involucre acute, smoothish. Rays oblanceolate, about an inch and a half long, 

 slightly 2 - 3-toothed at the apex. Disk greenish-yellow, conical, and somewhat prolonged 

 when mature. Chaff boat-form, truncate, pubescent at the summit. 



Wet meadows ; rather common. July - September. 



23. LEPACHYS. Raf. injour.phys. 1819, p. 100 ; Torr. ^ Gr. fl. N. Am. 2. p. 313. 



LEPACBYS. 



Lefacbts and Ratibida, Raf. Oeemscaria, Cass.; DC.; Endl. 



[ From the Greek, lepis, a scale, and pachys, thick ; in allusion to the chaff of the receptacle.] 

 Heads many-flowered ; the rays few, in a single series, neutral ; disk-flowers small, tubular, 

 short, perfect, 5-toothed. Scales of the involucre few, linear or subulate, spreading, some- 

 times with an inner series of small obtuse scales similar to the chaff. Receptacle elongated, 

 spiciform ; the chaff truncate or obtuse, thickened and hairy at the summit, partly embracing 

 the achenia. Achenia of the ray triangular, hairy, abortive ; of the disk compressed, smooth 

 or ciliate, with a wing-like margin on one or both sides, which is more or less produced 

 into a tooth at the summit. — Perennial, strigosely pubescent herbs, with sulcate and some- 



