NATURAL HISTORY OF THE HORSE. 73 



on the dam's — is to be found, so far as the United States are 

 concerned, on the frontiers of Yermont, and that of the most 

 approved quality. 



Having given the history of the various types or families of 

 the horse throughout the world, we next propose taking up 



THE NATUKAL HISTOKY OF THE HOKSE. 



BKELETOK OF THE HORSE AS COVERED BY THE MUSCLES. 



1. 1. Th* seven cervical vertebrae, or bones of the neck. 2. The sternum, or breast- 

 borne. 3. The scapula, or shoulder-blade. 4. The humerus, or bone of the arm. 5, 

 .'5. The radius, or boue of the fore-arm. 6. The nliia, or elbow. 7. The cartilages of 

 the ribs. S, 8, 8. The costs, or ribs. 9. The carpus, or seven bones. 10, 10. The 

 metacarpal, or shank-bones: the larger metacarpal, or cannon, or shank-bone, in 

 front; and the small metacarpal, or splint-bone, behind. 11. The upper pastern. 

 12. The lower pastern. 1.3. The coffln-bone. 14 to 14. The eighteen dorsal vertebra, 

 or bones of the spine. 15. The six lumbar vertebrae, or bones of the loins. 16, 16. The 

 haunch, consisting of the iUum, the ischium, and the pubis. 17, 17. The femur, or 

 thigh-bone. 18, 18. The stifle-joint, with the patella, or knee-cap. 19, 19. The tibia, 

 or proper leg-bone. 20. The fibula. 21, 21. The tarsus, or hock. 22. The metatarsal 

 bones of the hind-leg. 23, 23. The pastern of the hind-feet, including the upper and 

 larger bone, (fig. 23,) the lower pastern, (fig. 25,) and the coffin-bone. (fig. 24.) 26, 26. 

 The caudal vertebrae, or tail-bones. ^ 



Division. Vertehrata — possessing a back-bone. 

 Class. Mammalia — such ns jrive suck. 

 Order. Pachydermala — thick-skinned. 



