'£t8 TONES IN THE BLADDER. 



STONES IN THE BLADDER. 



These differ from stones in the kidneys in form and exter- 

 nal appearance; presenting, in consequence of the constant 

 washings of the calculus by the urine an uneven, or what is 

 called a mulberry appearance ; externally, it is of a reddish 

 brown color. When these stones are quite large, very great 

 inconvenience is occasioned to the animal. 



Stones in the bladder may exist a long time before any per- 

 ceptible symptoms of their existence are manifested. The 

 urine is generally thick and of a whitish color, with frequent 

 desire to void the urine, accompanied with difficulty and pain j 

 the urine occasionally presents a bloody appearance ; in some 

 cases all the symptoms of colic are present, rendering it diffi- 

 cult to distinguish between the two disorders. If the pain is 

 severe, the animal paws violently, kicks at his sheath, lies down, 

 rolls, and gets up again quickly, sweats in various parts of the 

 body, giving off the odor of urine. 



For treatment, we should first attempt the dissolution of the 

 stones, as recommended for stones in the kidneys, or we should 

 remove them by the operation of lithotomy, which will* be de- 

 scribed under the head of surgical operations. If they are 

 small, they may sometimes be extracted through the urethra, a 

 process which is very easy in the case of mares. 



