STOMACH STAGGERS. 315 



cases), while in harness, without any manifest cause. He re- 

 maius in this condition for a short time, and then appears as 

 well as ever ; although occasionally a considerable degree of 

 stupor is manifested for some time after. 



It may be occasioned by blows, wounds, and other injuries 

 about the head ; water in the brain ; tumors ; violent derange- 

 ment of the nervous system ; worms ; constipation of the bowels ; 

 plethora, etc. 



The same course of treatment should be pursued as in vertigo ; 

 these diseases in their symptoms, causes, etc., being so intimately 

 connected as scarcely to be distinguishable from each other. 



STOMACH STAGGERS. 



This disease arises principally from over-feeding. The animal 

 appears dull and sleepy, with a disposition to pitch forward ; 

 stands with his head resting against a wall, manger, or the like, 

 or, if at pasture, against a tree ; if he is led out of the stable, this 

 will be observed as an involuntary action, in consequence of 

 which the head is often much cut and bruised by coming in 

 contact with hard or rough substances ; there is constipation 

 of the bowels ; pulse scarcely changed from the usual standard ; 

 as the attack is severe, the breathing becomes more and more 

 labored. 



Blaine regards these symptoms as the first stage of mad stag- 

 gers ; but this the author deems a mistake, as animals that die 

 from this disease, having presented the above symptoms, scarcely 

 have any very marked change in the cerebral region, or the 

 brain. 



From the mode of treatment recommended by European 

 authors of high repute, the author infers that the attacks are 



