GLANDERS. 203 



could not get at it. Some have recommended setons. "VVliere are they 

 to be applied ? If the seat of iilceration is ^lnkno^vll, the seton may only 

 give useless pain. Several post-morfevi examinations have shown that 

 the frontal sinuses are a frequent seat of the disease. Yet what injection 

 could we use ? An emollient one would be thrown away. A stimulating 

 injection might convert ozena into glanders. Other examinations have 

 shown that the superior portion of the central meatus was diseased. What 

 instrument can be contrived to reach that ? Internal medicines are almost 

 thrown away in this complaint : yet something, perhaps, may be done 

 under the form of a local application. The discarded nose-bag (under- 

 valued at least by too many practitioners) will afford the means of em- 

 ploying an emollient fomentation. The steam from a bran-mash, scalding 

 hot, will probably reach every part of the nasal cavity, and so afford 

 some chance of being beneficiaUy applied to the ulcer. It will, at least, 

 thoroughly cleanse the part. By means of the nose-bag and the warm 

 mash, the cliloride of lime may be introduced into the cavity, not only 

 combiidng with the extricated gases, and removing the foetor, but arresting 

 the tendency to decomposition. 



Then there is a digestive — a gentle stimulus to abraded and ulcerated 

 surfaces, rousing them to healthy action, and without too much irritating 

 them — turpentine. This may be applied in the form of vapour, and in 

 the best of all ways, by using the best yellow deal shavings instead of 

 bran. This digestive may be brought into contact with every part of the 

 Schneiderian membrane, and has been ser\'iceable. 



There is another resoui'ce, and one that bids fairer to be successful than 

 any other with which we are acquainted — the spring gTass. It is the 

 finest alterative, depurative, and restorative in our whole materia medica ; 

 and if it is accessible in the form of a salt marsh, there is no better chance 

 of doing good. 



GLANDERS. 



The most formidable of all the diseases to which the horse is subject is 

 Glanders. It has been recognised from the time of Hippocrates of Cos ; 

 and few modern veterinary writers have given a more accurate or com- 

 plete account of its symptoms than is to be found in the works of the 

 father of medicine. Three-and- twenty hundred years have rolled on since 

 then, and veterinary practitioners are not yet agreed as to the tissue 

 primarily affected, nor the actual nature of the disease : we only know 

 that it is at the present day, what it was then, a loathsome and an incu- 

 rable naalady. 



We shall therefore, in treating of this disease, pui-sue our course slowly 

 and cautiously. 



The earliest symptom of Glanders is an increased discharge from the 

 nostril, small m quantity, constantly flowing, of an aqueous character and 

 a little mucus mingling vriih it. 



Connected with this is an error too general, and highly mischievous, with 

 regard to the character of this discharge in the earliest stage of the disease, 

 when, if ever, a cure might be effected, and when, too, the mischief from 

 contagion is most frequently produced. The discharge of glanders is not 

 sticky when it may be first recognised. It is an aqueous or mucous, bat 

 small and constant discharge, and is thus distinguished from catarrh, or 

 nasal gleet, or any other defluxion from the nostril. It should be im- 

 pressed on the mind of every horseman that this small and constant 

 defluxion, overlooked by the groom and by the o^vner, and too often by 

 the veterinary surgeon, is a most suspicious circumstance. 



Mr. James Turner deserves much credit for ha\'ing first or chiefly 



