WARTS. VEEMIX. 357 



ncy and carriage horses. When the horse is carefully tended after his 

 work is over, and his legs quickly and completely dried, the less hair he 

 has ahotit them the better, for then both the skin and the hair can be made 

 perfectly dry before evaporation begins, or proceeds so far as to de})rive 

 the legs of their heat. Grease is the child of negligence and mismanage- 

 ment. It is driven from our cavalry, and it will be the fault of the 

 gentleman and the farmer if it is not speedily banished from every 

 stable. 



WARTS. 



These are tumours of variable size, arising from the cuticle, and pro- 

 duced by an altered (hypertrophied) state of the papillated structure of 

 the dermis. There are several varieties in different parts of the body. 

 The scaly wart which frequently acquires considerable size, and the sur- 

 face of which is generally covered with moisture, is found usually on the 

 abdomen. The round one on the eyelids and face, and the pointed one on 

 the teats. Another kind called the encysted wart sometimes exists in 

 large numbers on the inside of the thigh and prepuce. There is no alter- 

 ation in the external appearance of the skin, but a hard moveable tumour 

 is felt depending upon the obliteration of some of the sebaceous follicles, 

 by an increase of the contents of the whole gland. The walls of the cyst 

 are composed of condensed areolar tissue. Warts must be removed by an 

 operation If the root be very small it may be snipped asunder with a 

 pair of scissors close to the skin, and the root touched with the lunar 

 caustic. If the pedicle or stem be somewhat larger, a Hgature of waxed 

 silk may be passed firmly round it, and tightened every day. The source 

 of nutriment being thus cut off, the tumour will, in a few days, die and 

 drop off. If they are large or in considerable clusters, it wll be necessary 

 to cast the horse, to cut them off close to the skin, and sear the root with 

 a red-hot iron. Unless these precautions are used, the warts will speedily 

 sprout again. In encysted warts an opening should be freely made ov^er 

 the centre, and the contents squeezed out. 



MALLENDERS AND SALLENDERS. 



On the inside of the hock, or a little below it, as well as at the bend of 

 the knee, there is occasionally a scurfy eruption called mallenders in 

 the fore-leg, and sallenders in the hind-leg. They seldom produce lame- 

 ness ; but if no means are taken to get rid of them, a discharge proceeds 

 from them which it is afterwards difficult to stop. They usually indicate 

 bad stable management. 



A diuretic ball should be occasionally given, and an ointment composed 

 of carbonate of zinc and lard rubbed over the part. Should this fail, a 

 weak mercurial ointment may be used. 



VERMIN. 



Both the biped and quadruped are subject to the visitation of msects 

 that fasten on the skin, and are a constant nuisance from the itching 

 which they occasion. If the horse, after being turned out for the winter, 

 is taken up again in the spring, long and rough in his coat and poor in 

 condition, and with evident hide-bound, he will almost invariably be 

 afflicted with vermin. In our present acquaintance wdth natural history, 

 it is difficult to account for the appearance of certain insects, and of those 

 alone on the integument of one animal, while others, of an altogether 

 different character, are found on its neighbour. Each one has a tormentor 

 peculiar to itself. The vermin of the horse can be destroyed by an 



