FRACTURES. 



441 



shoe to the hoof; for which purpose it is passed through the lower rings 

 and both loops of the shoe, and is made to encircle the hoof twice. 



The heel and coronet strap is furnished with two pads and two sliding 

 loops ; one, a moveable pad, reposes on the heel, to defend that part from 

 the pressure and friction of the strap ; the other, a pad attached to the 

 strap near the buckle, affords a similar defence to the coronet, in front. 

 The heel-strap runs through the upper rings, crosses the heel, and encircles 

 the coronet, and its office is to keep the heels of the shoe closely applied 

 to the hoof, and to prevent them from sliding forward 



In the application of the sandal the foot is taken up with one hand, and 

 the shoe slipped upon it with the other. With the same hand the shoe is 

 retained in its place, while the foot is gradually let down to rest on the 

 ground. As soon as this is done, the straps are drawn as tight as possible 

 and buckled. 



The above cut presents an accurate delineation of the sandal, when 

 properly fastened on the foot. The application of the sandal has recently 

 been considerably simplified and improved, the toe-clip has but a single 

 loop, and the heel-clips each a single ring ; a vulcanised india-rubber band, 

 which is slipped over the hoof, eifectually secures the sandal ; the front part 

 of the band is retained in front of the hoof by the loop of the toe-clij^ ; the 

 back part being slipped over the heels, prevents all displacement. 



CHAPTER XXL 



FRACTURES. 



Accidents of this description are not of frequent occurrence, but when 

 they do happen it is not always that the mischief can be repaired ; occa- 

 sionally, however, and much more frequently than is generally imagined, 

 the life of a valuable animal might be saved if the owner, or the veterinary 

 surgeon, would take a little trouble, and the patient is fairly tractable ; 

 and that, in the majoi^ity of cases, he Avill soon become. The number of 



