HUNTERS 



the attitude of the animal, and by the state 

 of the excretory organs, which we shall consider 

 in the order named. 



VISIBLE MUCOUS MEMBRANES 



The visible mucous membranes commonly 

 referred to, are those lining the eyelids and 

 nose but principally the first-named. It is, 

 indeed, exceptional for a veterinary surgeon to 

 look at a sick horse without the preliminary 

 examination of the conjunctival membrane. 

 The normal condition is a bright pink colour, 

 but quite free from injection of the minute 

 vessels entering into its structure. In ansemic 

 or bloodless states of the system, this mem- 

 brane becomes pale and washed-out looking. 

 On the other hand, when there is internal con- 

 gestion, such as pneumonia, laminitis, influenza, 

 &c., the membrane assumes a deep red colour, 

 and the minute vessels are plainly mapped out 

 upon its surface, showing that there is a corre- 

 sponding degree of inflammatory action within. 

 In certain diseases, such as purpura haemor- 

 rhagica, the conjunctiva becomes marked with 



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