DISEASES AFFECTING BONES, ETC. 



outer side, be made to bulge, such bulging 

 constituting thoro-pin. Although customary to 

 regard such as constituting unsoundness, it is 

 seldom that thoro-pin causes lameness, nor 

 yet can it be said to be much of a blemish, 

 therefore its significance is not great. As 

 a rule it is permanent, with a tendency 

 to increase rather than decrease, and it is 

 this liability, we presume, that leads some 

 horsemen to look upon its existence with 

 disfavour. 



BONE-SPAVIN 



Foremost amongst all diseases affecting 

 the hock joint, bone-spavin stands pre-eminent, 

 and there are very few horsemen but what 

 profess to be able to determine the existence 

 of this trouble, if such be present. From 

 time immemorial, bone-spavin has been looked 

 upon as one of those troubles which consti- 

 tute a most serious detriment to a horse, 

 though doubtless its significance has, in many 

 instances, been over-estimated. The author has 

 no desire to under-value the evil consequences 



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