42 BETTER DAIRY FARMING 



Each ingredient of the above should be ground fine enough to pass 

 a twenty-mesh sieve. If not obtainable locally, the bone meal can 

 be obtained from the United Chemical and Organic Products 

 Company, Chicago, 111. 



72. How to feed a calf meal. — Most manufacturers of pro- 

 prietary calf meals furnish directions as to how to use them. 

 These directions should be read carefully. We will outline the 

 method used at Cornell University. 



73. Changing from milk to calf meal. — The calf should 

 receive whole milk for four weeks, at which time its gradual re- 

 placement by the calf meal gruel may be begun. In the case of the 

 formulas which we have given, one part should be mixed with five 

 parts by weight of water at about 100° F. Begin by replacing about 

 one-fifth of the milk by gruel. After three or four days replace 

 another fifth and so on until the change is completed. Do not 

 begin the change with any calf while it is scouring. If scouring 

 develops during the change, make no further replacement until 

 the trouble clears up. It may be a good thing to cut down the 

 amount fed for a feeding or two or even to cut out a feeding en- 

 tirely. If the scouring persists a temporary change back to milk 

 only may be worth while to get the calf back to normal. From our 

 experience we can say that the above procedures will rarely be 

 necessary, but success in using a calf meal comes from feeding it 

 according to the condition of the calf rather than following fixed 

 rules. 



The period of change and the following two or three weeks are 

 the crucial period. The substitution of another food at a time when 

 nature intended the calf to have milk can only be done success- 

 fully by allowing the calf to become gradually accustomed to 

 handling the new food. 



74. Increasing the calf meal gruel. — As soon as the calf has 

 been entirely changed to the calf meal gruel and is accustomed to 

 it, the gruel can be increased with appetite. Do not increase it 

 quite as rapidly as we suggested for skim milk. It is best to reach 

 a figure of 15 pounds a day at four months of age and continue 

 at that amount for the remaining two months. Although maxi- 



