146 



BETTER DAIRY FARMING 



the manure, in material coughed up and in the milk from a tuber- 

 cular udder. The disease of the udder is not very common but 

 when it does occur it is a sure method of passing the disease on to 

 the calves, swine and humans receiving the milk therefrom, unless 

 it is pasteurized. The milk may also contain the germs from 

 infected manure getting into it. There are periods when the germs 

 are being given off by a diseased animal and periods when they 



Count Tickford 738427 



Grand Champion bull at the International Live Stock Show, 1922. Owned 

 by F. W. Sullivan, Battle Creek, Mich. 



are not, but one cannot recognize these different periods; thus a 

 tuberculous animal must be considered as a constant menace to 

 the rest of the herd. Infection is spread from cow to cow through 

 a common watering trough, through germs in the air breathed or 

 coughed up by an infected animal, and through the manger. If a 

 sound animal eats from a manger recently used by a diseased one, 

 infection is sure. The use of mangers without partitions makes the 

 spread of the disease more certain. Watering the cows by running 



