DAIRY BARN AND OTHER BUILDINGS 165 



the manure every day even though highly desirable. Hogs can 

 run on the manure in the manure shed and thus it will keep better. 

 It is desirable also for hogs to follow the young stock and dry 

 cows in the covered yard in the same way that hogs follow beef 

 cattle to clean up the grain wasted in the droppings. 



266. Ventilation and light.— The plan gives no details of 

 construction. Proper ventilation must be provided. In very cold 

 weather it is difficult to secure the proper amount of ventilation 

 with windows alone without overdoing it. Ventilation which is 

 satisfactory in all temperatures requires some special construction. 

 A large flue opening from the ceiling and extending to the roof 

 takes out the foul air. Fresh air comes in by several smaller 

 openings. This system will work only where the barn is so tightly 

 constructed that the air cannot get in or out, except through the 

 flues provided. (272) 



To provide adequate light there should be four square feet of 

 window glass per cow. The bottom of the window should be about 

 four feet from the floor and the window should extend to the ceiling. 



267. Dampness. — To guard against dampness, the barn should 

 be located where there is good drainage and the floor should be so 

 constructed as to be impervious to moisture. A poorly drained 

 location means a muddy barnyard. This in turn means dirty 

 cows, more chance of foot rot and rheumatic troubles. An ideal 

 dry floor can be constructed by putting down a layer of concrete, 

 then a layer of tar paper and covering it with concrete two inches 

 thick. Do not finish the concrete smooth. Leave it rough so that 

 the cows will have a better foothold. 



In the plan we have described, the barn has its long way from 

 east to west, with the side having full window space facing south, 

 to take full advantage of the sun. Where no part of the barn is 

 banked, it is preferable to have the long way from north to south 

 to allow the sun to get at both sides at some time during the day. 



268. Facing the COWS. — It is always best to arrange the barn 

 to provide for a double row of cows. The question frequently 

 comes up whether the cows should face in or out. If a manure 

 carrier is used, it is better to have the cows face in, as it saves time 



