382 APPENDIX. — horsfall's system. 



each side, and the north end, two shelves of wood are 

 fixed to the wall, the one fifteen inches above the other; 

 two feet higher is another shelf somewhat narrower, 

 hut of like length, which is covered with charcoal, 

 whose properties as a deodorizer are sufficiently estab- 

 lished. The lower shelves being two feet three inches 

 wide, the interval or passage between is only one foot 

 six inches. On each tier of shelves is a shallow wooden 

 cistern, lined with thin sheet-lead, having a rim at the 

 edges three inches high. These cisterns incline down- 

 wards slightly towards the window, and contain water 

 to the depth of three inches. At the end nearest the 

 kitchen each tier of cisterns is supplied with two taps, 

 one for cold water in summer, the other with hot for 

 winter use. At the end next the north window is a 

 plug or hollow tube, with holes perforated at such an 

 elevation as to take the watei before it flows over the 

 cistern. 



During the summer the door towards the kitchen is 

 closed, and an additional door is fixed against it, with an 

 interval between well packed with straw ; a curtain of 

 stout calico hangs before the trellis window, which is 

 dipped in salt water, and kept wet during the whole 

 day by cold water spirted over it from a gutta-per- 

 cha tube. On the milk being brought in, it is emp- 

 tied into bowls. Some time after these bowls (of 

 which a description is given in a former part of this) 

 have been placed on the cistern, the cold-water taps 

 are turned till the water rises through the perforated 

 tube, and flows through a waste pipe into the sewer. 

 The taps are then closed, so as to allow a slight trick- 

 ling of water, which continues through the day. By 

 these means I reduce the temperature, as compared 

 with that outside the window, by twenty degrees. I am 

 thus enabled to allow the milk to stand till the cream 

 has risen, and keep the skimmed milk sweet, for which 

 I obtain one penny per quart. 



Having heard ccmplaints during very hot weather 

 of skimmed milk, which had left my dairy perfectly 

 sweet, being affected so as to curdle in cooking on 



