HIEROGLYPHICAL RESEARCHES. 289 



the unknown. He rapidly passed his predecessors. De 

 Sacy had determined three proper names in the Egyp- 

 tian ; Akerblad nine others, and five or six Coptic 

 words ; while Young, soon after, detected the rudiments 

 of fifty or sixty Coptic words, which, however, formed 

 but a very small fraction of the whole inscription. 



Here an unexpected stumbling-block was en- 

 countered. The effort of Akerblad to reduce the whole 

 Enchorial inscription to Coptic had failed, 1 and it soon 

 became evident to Young that every such attempt must 

 of necessity fail. His conviction and its grounds are 

 first mentioned in a letter to Mr. Grurney, written in 

 August 1814. <I doubt,' he writes, 'if it will be ever 

 possible to reduce much more of it to Coptic, especially 

 as I have fully ascertained that some of the characters 

 are hieroglyph 'csS As bearing upon the derivative 

 origin of the Enchorial inscription, the discovery here 

 announced is obviously of the highest importance. 

 Young continues : • I have, however, made out the sense 

 of the whole sufficiently for my purpose, and, by means 

 of variations from the Greek, I have been able to effect 

 a comparison with the hieroglyphics which it would have 

 been impossible to do satisfactorily without this inter- 

 mediate step.' In a letter to the Archduke John of 

 Austria, dated August 2, 1816, Young announced that 

 he had 'now fully demonstrated the hieroglyph ical 

 origin ' of the Enchorial inscription. 2 



1 'Notwithstanding this failure, his name,' says Peacock, 'should 

 ever be held in honour as one of the founders of our knowledge of 

 Egyptian literature, to the investigation of which he brought no 

 small amount of patient labour and philological learning.' 



2 ' The same discovery,' says the editor of the third volume of 

 Young's Works, 'was announced by M. Champollion, as his own, in 

 his memoir, De VEcriture Hieratique des Anciens Eyypients, pub- 

 lished at Grenoble in 1821 This memoir contained several 



plates in which the hieroglyphic and hieratic characters are com- 



