6 OBJECTIVE SEASONAL LESSONS. 



PERMANENT RESIDENTS. 



Permanent Resident species are those which are 

 represented in the same locality throughout the 

 year. This does not imply that the same individuals 

 live in one locality continuously ; few of our birds 

 being Permanent Residents in the strict sense of the 

 word. Doubtless, Ruffed Grouse, Bob-whites, and 

 possibly a few other species, pass their lives in the 

 vicinity of their birth ; but most species ranked as 

 Permanent Residents are, in fact, more or less mi- 

 gratory. Thus, in the vicinity of New York city, 

 Chickadees and Bluebirds are found every month 

 of the year ; but in October, many migrants of both 

 species may be seen, and it is probable that we then 

 receive our Winter Residents of these species, while 

 the birds that were with us during the summer go 

 farther south to pass the winter. 



LIST OF PERMANENT RESIDENTS. 



Bob-white. 

 Ruffed Grouse. 

 Red-shouldered Hawk. 

 Red-tailed Hawk. 

 Broad- winged Hawk.* 

 Marsh Hawk. 

 Sparrow Hawk. 

 Duck Hawk.* 

 Sharp-shinned Hawk. 

 Cooper's Hawk.* 

 Bald Eagle.* 

 Screech Owl. 

 Long-eared Owl.* 



Short-eared Owl. 

 Barred Owl. 

 Great Horned Owl.* 

 Downy Woodpecker. 

 Hairy Woodpecker. 

 Red-headed Woodpecker. 



(Irregular.) 

 Flicker. 



Prairie Horned Lark.* 

 American Crow. 

 Fish Crow. 

 Blue Jay. 

 Starling. (Introduced.) 



* Not common. 



