96 CRATEROPODTD^E. 



the other feathers ashy yellow on the inner webs, olive-yellow on the 

 outer and tipped with white ; breast and sides of the body fulvescent 

 ashy brown ; remainder of lower plumage bright tawny buff. 



Bill black; legs and feet pale reddish orange-brown; iris pale 

 yellow-green, brown, raw sienna-brown, pale yellowish brown 

 (Hume). 



Length about 11 ; tail 5'2 j wing 4-1; tarsus 1-5; bill from 

 gape 1*1. 



The young have the outer webs of the wing-quills bright yellow 

 as in the adult, which they also resemble in other respects. 



Distribution. The Himalayas from Chamba to Nepal at elevations 

 of, generally, more than 5000 feet. 



Habits, fyc. Breeds from April to June, constructing a nest of 

 grass and leaves in a low branch of a tree or in a bush. The eggs, 

 four or five in number, are blue marked with reddish brown and 

 measure I'll by *78. 



91. Trochalopterum simile. The Western Variegated 

 Laughing- Thrush. 



Trochalopteron simile, Hume, Ibis, 1871, p. 408 ; Hume Sf Henders. 



Lah. to Yark. p. 193, pi. vii ; Hume, S. F. iii, p. 407 ; id. Cat. 



no. 418 bis ; Biddulph, Ibis, 1881, p. 53 ; Scully, Ibis, 1881, p. 439 ; 



Oates in Hume's N. fy E. 2nd ed. i, p. 60. 

 Trochalopteron variegatum, apud Cock $ Marsh. S. F. i, p. 354. 



Coloration. Resembles T. variegatum. Differs in having the 

 outer webs of the wing-feathers slaty blue, and in having those 

 parts of the tail slaty blue which in the other species are either 

 ashy yellow or olive-yellow. 



Legs and feet flesh-colour ; bill black ; iris brown {Dr. G. 

 Henderson). 



Of the same size as T. variegatum. 



Distribution. The western portion of Kashmir and the Hazara 

 country. Scully states that this bird is common and a permanent 

 resident in Sharot and Bargo, higher up the valley above Gilgit, 

 at 5500 feet. 



Habits, (Sfc. The nest was found by Messrs. Cock and Marshall 

 nearMurree on the 15th June, built at the end of a bough of a fir- 

 tree about 20 feet from the ground. The nest and eggs appear 

 to resemble those of the last species. 



92. Trochalopterum squamatum. The Blue-winged 

 Laughing- Thrush . 



lanthocincla squamata, Gould, P. Z. S. 1835, p. 48 ; Jard. fy Selby, 



III. Orn. new ser. pi. iv. 



Cinclosoma melanura, Hodgs. As. Res. xix, p. 147 (1836). 

 Garrulax squamatus (GoulcT), Blyth, Cat. p. 96. 

 Trochalopteron squamatuin (Gould), Horsf. fy M. Cat. i, p. 211; 



