GAMPSOEHYNCHUS. 1 35 



nidification. The young birds deviate considerably from the adult 

 in the colour of their plumage, more so than is usual in this sub- 

 family. Pending a better acquaintance with them, their position 

 at present appears. to be in the Timeliince. 



They are birds of rufous or golden-brown plumage with white 

 heads. " The bill is about half the length of the head and very 

 shrike-like in shape. The rictal bristles are very long. The tail 

 is much longer than the wing and much graduated, the outer feather 

 extending over less than two thirds of the tail. They appear to 

 be frequenters of thick jungle and to creep about in the manner 

 of the Timeliince. 



Key to the Species *. 



. Tail tipped with yellowish buff; upper plumage 



golden brown O. rufulus, p. 135. 



b. Tail tipped with white ; upper plumage rufous 



brown G. torquatus, p. 136. 



137. Grampsorhynchus rufulus. The White-headed 

 Shrike-Babbler. 



Gampsorhynchus rufulus, Elyth, J. A. S. B. xiii, p. 371 (1844) ; id. 

 Cat. p. 150; Horsf. $ M. Cat. i, p. 171; Jerd. B. I. ii, p. 14; 

 Blyth Sf Wald. Birds Burm. p. 109 ; Wald. Ibis, 1875, p. 460 ; 

 Godw.-Aust. J. A. S. B. xlv, pt. ii, p. 73 ; Hume, Cat. no. 384 ; 

 Oates, B. B. i, p. 40 ; Sharpe, Cat. B. M. vii, p. 386 ; Hume, S. F. 

 xi, p. 135. 



The White-headed Shrike- Thrush, Jerd. ; Chongto-phep-pho, Lepch. 



Fig. 38. Head of G. rufulus. 



Coloration. The whole head, neck, and breast white; the 

 anterior rictal bristles black with white bases, the hindmost one 

 entirely white ; upper plumage, tail, and exposed part of wings 

 golden brown, except the lesser and median coverts and the edge of 

 the wing which are white ; quills dark brown ; tail edged interiorly 

 and tipped with yellowish buff ; lower plumage pale fulvous. 



Bill dusky horny above, pale beneath ; legs reddish horny ; iris 

 orange-yellow in some, straw-yellow in others (Jerdon). 



* Here should be noticed the Thamnocataphns picatus, Tick., of Jerdon (B. I. 

 ii. p. 13), which turns out to be a well-known South-African Bush-Shrike (cf. 

 Sharpe, Cat. B. M. vii, p. 324, note). Tickell appears to have received the skin 

 from some European correspondent, to have got it mixed up with his Indian 

 collection and then to have described it as Himalayan. 



