136 CRATEROPODID.E. 



Length about 10; tail 4'7 ; wing 3'9 ; tarsus 1-1; bill from 

 gape 1. 



The young bird has the forehead, crown, nape, hind neck, and 

 sides of the head and neck bright chestnut ; the eye with a ring of 

 white feathers round it ; the fulvous of the lower parts extends 

 up to the breast and frequently to the throat ; the white on the 

 wing is wanting and the tone of the whole plumage is more rufous. 



The young bird commences to assume the white head in January 

 by the gradual acquisition of new feathers, and the white head of 

 the adult does not appear to be entirely acquired till May, or when 

 the birds are about one year old. The -white wing-patch comes on 

 last of all, and there is no sign of it till the head is nearly wholly 

 white. 



There is a young bird in the British Museum which was just 

 able to fly and was killed in Sikhim in July. 



Distribution. The lower ranges and valleys of Sikhim ; Sadiya 

 and Tippook in Assam ; the Daphla hills ; the Garo hills ; Arrakan. 



138. Gampsorhynchus torquatus. The Ring-necked Shrike-Babbler. 



Gampsorhynchus torquatus, Hume, Proc. A. S. B. 1874, p. 107 ; id. 

 S. F. ii, p. 446 ; Wardlaw Ramsay, Ibis, 1875, p. 352 ; Hume $ 

 Dai\ S. F. vi, p. 258 ; Hume, Cat. no. 384 bis ; id. S. F. viii, 

 p. 168 ; Bingham, S. F. ix, p. 178 ; Sharpe, Cat. B. M. vii, p. 387 ; 

 Oates, B. B. i, p. 41. 



Coloration. Adult. The whole head and neck, chin, throat, and 

 upper breast white ; lesser and median coverts and edge of wing 

 also white ; upper plumage rufous-brown, the outer webs of the 

 earlier primaries and the tips of the others hoary grey; tail brown, 

 washed with rufous on the outer webs, tipped with white, and the 

 inner webs partially bordered with white ; lower plumage pale 

 fulvous, the sides of the neck with some rufous and blacldsh 

 marks. 



Bill greyish horny or fleshy white, with, in some cases, a dusky 

 line on the culmen; legs and feet greyish white, or slaty white, or 

 fleshy white with a blue tinge ; iris pale to bright golden (Hume 

 fy Davisori). 



Length about 10; tail 4*8; wing 4; tarsus !! ; bill from 

 gape 1. 



The youngest bird that I have been able to examine resembles 

 the adult in having a white head, but there are some rufous-brown 

 feathers on the nape and hind crown ; there is also a very complete 

 black collar across the chest, dividing the white of the throat from 

 the fulvous of the breast, and the white wing-spot is entirely 

 absent. 



This collar gradually disappears, but traces of it are found on 

 the sides of the neck for a long time. 



The nestling bird probably has the crown of the head of the 

 same colour as the upper plumage. 



Distribution. From the Toungngoo hills and Karennee to the 



