KL.U'lll'KA. 339 



Length about 3*5 ; tail 1-2; wing 1-8; tarsus '65; bill from 

 gape <>. 



Both this species and A. 'nepaltnsis differ from the English Wren 

 in being darker coloured and in being barred on nearly every por- 

 tion of the plumage. 



Distribution. Throughout Kashmir and the Himalayas to Simla. 

 1 have seen no specimens of Wrens collected between Simla and 

 the Nepal frontier and cannot say which of the two species occurs 

 in that portion of the Himalayas. 



Habits, $c. Brooks found two nests of this Wren in Kashmir in 

 May and June one in the roots of a large fallen pine, the other in 

 the foliage of a moss-grown tree. The nests were made of moss 

 and fibres and lined with feathers. The eggs in the first nest were 

 white spotted with red, and in the second pure white without any 

 spots. They measured about '66 by '5. 



Genus ELACHURA, n. gen. 



The Wren which forms the type of this new genus differs con- 

 spicuously from Anorthura in having a much stouter bill and a 

 more graduated tail. The plumage is moreover spotted, not barred. 

 According to Jerdon, it appears that Blyth proposed to separate 

 this bird under the generic name Spiloptera ; but this name was 

 preoccupied twice over in Entomology before the date of Jerdou's 

 work and consequently cannot be used for the purpose. 



In Elachura the sexes are alike and the young are no doubt 

 similar to the adults in plumage. The bill is about half the length 

 of the head and stout. The wing is very short and rounded and 

 the first primary is about two thirds the length of the second. 

 The tail is much graduated, the outer feather reaching only to the 

 middle of the tail, and the tarsus, toes, and claws are long. The 

 only species known appears to be resident and incapable of any 

 lengthened flight. 



353. Elachura punctata. The Spotted Wren. 



Troglodytes punctatus*, Blyth, J. A. S. B. xiv, p. 589 (1845); id. 



Cat. p. 158 ; Jerd. B. 2nd. i, p. 492 ; Hume, S. F. ii. p. 525 : id. 



S. F. v, p 238 ; id. Cat. no. 3:34. 

 Troglodytes formosus, Wald. Ibis, 1874, p. 91. 

 Anorthura formosa ( Wald.), Sharpe, Cat. B. M. vi, p. 279. 



The Spotted Wren, Jerd. ; Marchok-pho, Lepch. 



Coloration. The upper plumage, wing-coverts, sides of the head, 

 and neck dark brown, tinged with rufous on the lower part of the 

 rump and the upper tail-coverts, and each feather Avith a small 



* As above stated, Blyth proposed to constitute a new genus for this 

 species. At all events the bird is not congeneric with the European Wren to 

 which Brehm applied the name ' puuctatus,' aiid therefore Blyth's specific name 

 may be retained in preference to Walden's. 



