PNOEPYGA. 343 



upper tail-coverts ; each feather also narrowly edged with black ; 

 wings, median and greater coverts brown, the outer webs broadly 

 edged with chestnut-brown ; chin and throat white margined with 

 brown ; breast and the middle of the abdomen white, each feather 

 with /i large black centre and a narrow black margin ; sides of the 

 abdomen and flanks fulvous, marked in a similar manner to the 

 breast. 



Female. Similar to the male, but the whole of the lo\ver plumage 

 bright fulvous, every part except the chin and throat being marked 

 with black as in the male. 



The young have the whole upper plumage and the wings rich 

 rufous-brown and the lower parts dusky brown ; no spots whatever. 

 In this state they are the P. con-color of Hodgs. MS. 



Legs fleshy brown ; bill dusky brown above, fleshy at the base 

 beneath ; iris brown (Jerdon). 



Length about 4 ; tail - 6 ; wing 2-3 ; tarsus 1 ; bill from gape '65. 



Distribution. The Himalayas from the Sutlej valley to Sikhim, 

 where this Wren occurs at considerable elevations. It has also 

 been found in the Khasi bills and near Bhamo. The birds pro- 

 cured by Wardlaw Ramsay in Karennee, and identified by Lord 

 Walden with the present species, are, I find on examination of the 

 skins, P. pusilla, the next species. 



Habits, <Sj"c. Constructs a small nest of moss in May on the trunk of 

 a tree not far from the ground, or other similar locality. The eggs, 

 three in number, are pure white and measure about -75 by '55. 



357. Pnoepyga pusilla. The Brown Wren. 



Pnoepyga pusilla, Hodgs, P. Z. S. 1845, p. 25; Blyth, Cat. p. 179; 



Horsf. $ M. Cat. i/p. 180; Jerd. B. 1. i, p. 489; Godw.-Aust. 



J. A. S. B. xlvii, pt. ii, p. 23 ; Hume $ Dav. S. F. vi, p. 234 ; Hume, 



Cat. DO. 330 ; Sharpe, Cat. B. M. vi, p. 304 ; Oates, B. B. i, 



p. 153. 



Pnoepyga squamata, apud Wold, in Btyth's Birds Burm. p. 99. 

 The Broivn Hill- Wren, Jerd. 



Coloration. Resembles P. albiventris, sex for sex. Differs in 

 being smaller and in having the upper plumage less marked with 

 fulvous spots, these spots being fewer and less distinct. On the 

 other hand the median and greater coverts and all the secondaries 

 and tertiaries are distinctly tipped with fulvous, which is not the 

 case in P. albiventris. 



The young are also quite similar to the young of P. albiventris, 

 and cannot be distinguished from them till some of the spots on 

 the wings appear. 



Bill black, lower mandible paler ; gape whitish ; legs and feet 

 pale brown ; claws paler ; iris deep brown (Hume <Sf Davison). 



Length about 3-5 ; tail -5 ; wing 2 ; tarsus -8 ; bill from gape -6. 



Distribution. Sikhim ; probably Nepal ; Assam ; Khasi hills ; 

 Karennee ; Muleyit mountain in Tenasserim. Outside our limits 

 this species has been found at Perak. 



