362 SYLVIUS. 



b. First primary about half the length of the 



second. 

 c'. Sides of the head and neck and the throat 



ashy, the latter spotted T. thoracica, p. 363. 



cT '. Sides of the head and neck rufous ; throat 



whitish, unspotted. 

 ''. Breast whitish ; lower mandible yellow 



throughout T. luteiventris, p. 364. 



b". Breast grey ; lower mandible dusky, 



almost black at base T. mandellii, p. 365. 



369. Tribura major. The Large-billed Bush-Warbler. 



Dumeticola major, Brooks, J. A. S. B. xli, p. 77 (1872) ; Stoliczka, 

 8. F. ii, p. 401 ; Hume, 8. F. iii, p. 242 ; Biddulph, Ibis, 1881, 

 p. C5j Scully, Ibis, 1881, p. 448. 



Acrocephalus macrorhynchus .(Hume), apud Scully, S. F. iv, p. 146. 



Schoenicola major (Brooks), Hume, Cat. no. 519quat. 



Lusciniola major (Brooks), Seebohm, Cat. B. M. v, p. 124. 



C/iighchi, Turki. 



Coloration. In summer the whole upper plumage and the sides 

 of the neck are dull olive-brown, rather darker on the crown, and 

 with a fulvous tinge throughout; wing-coverts and tail brown, 

 edged with rufescent olive-brown ; tail concolorous with the back ; 

 lores whitish ; an indistinct cream-coloured supercilium ; ear- 

 coverts whitish with brown tips \ cheeks and sides of the throat 

 white, elegantly barred with brown ; chin white ; throat and upper 

 breast white, spotted with brown ; middle of abdomen white ; 

 remainder of the lower plumage ochraceous, the under tail-coverts 

 broadly margined with dull white; under wing-coverts and axil- 

 laries pale buff. The sexes are probably alike. 



The nestling is tinged with green throughout, and the throat is 

 barred ; the upper breast is spotted with greenish brown. 



The winter plumage of the adult is unknown, but does not pro- 

 bably differ from the summer plumage in any appreciable degree. 



Iris dark brown ; bill black above, pale fleshy beneath ; mouth 

 and edges of gape yellow ; tarsus pale yellowish-waxy ; toes darkish 

 fleshy-brown ; claws brown horny (Scully). In the breeding- 

 season the whole bill is black. 



Length about 6 ; tail 2-4 ; wing 2-3 ; tarsus -8 to -9 ; bill from 

 gape -8. 



Distribution. In summer this species is found throughout Kash- 

 mir ; I have examined specimens collected in Gilgit, at Gulmurg, 

 and at Kargil from June to August ; and Scully collected it at Kizil 

 Aghil, near Sanju, on his way to Yarkand in August. At this 

 season T. major occurs from 6000 to 10,000 feet of elevation. Its 

 winter-quarters are unknown, but it probably merely descends into 

 the warm valleys at this season. 



Habits, $c. Brooks remarks that this Warbler in Kashmir fre- 

 quents exclusively places where the ground-cover is abundant ; and 

 Scully states that it occurs in long grass, is apparently very rest- 

 less, and continually flits in grass from blade to blade. 



