472 LANIID.E. 



tipped with white ; the outer greater coverts black ; the inner ones 

 white on the outer and black on the inner webs ; primary-coverts 

 and all the quills black ; the later secondaries broadly edged with 

 white ; tail black, all but the middle feathers tipped with white, 

 the white on the outermost feathers extending over the whole 

 outer web. 



Fig. 140. Head of H. picatus. 



Female. Similar to the male, but the black is replaced by sooty 

 brown. 



The young resemble the female, but have the upper plumage 

 barred with rufous and the wing-coverts mottled with brown. 



Bill black ; inside of the mouth bluish black ; iris hazel ; eyelids 

 plumbeous ; legs plumbeous brown ; claws dark brown. 



Length 5-4 ; tail 2*4 ; wing 2-5 ; tarsus '45 ; bill from gape *7. 



Distribution. The Satpura hills and the whole of Western India 

 from Mahableshwar to Cape Comorin ; Mysore ; Ceylon ; the 

 Oudh and Sikhim terais ; Chutia Nagpur ; Tipperah ; Mauipur ; 

 Karennee; the whole of Burma to the extreme south of Tenas- 

 serim. This species extends to Siain and Cochin China. 



Habits, fyc. A nest found by Davison at Ootacamund in March 

 was a small shallow cup made of grass arid roots, and covered with 

 cobwebs and lichens. It was placed in the branch of a tree and 

 contained three eggs, which were pale green marked with umber- 

 brown, and measured *69 by "49. 



485. Hemipus capitalis. The Brown-backed Pied Shrike. 



Muscicapa capitalis, McClelland, P. Z. S. 1839, p. 157. 



Hemipus capitalis (McClelL), Blytli, Cat. p. 154 ; Godiv.-Aust. 



J. A S. B. xxxix, pt. ii, p. 99 ; Sharpe, Cat. B. M. iii, p. 306 ; 



Hume 8f Dav. S. F. vi, p. 208; Hume, Cat. no. 267 A ; Anders. 



Yunnan Exped., Aves, p. 647 ; Oates in Hume's N. fy JE. 2nd ed. i. 



p. 328. 



Coloration. Resembles H. picatus. The male differs from the 

 male of that species in having the back, scapulars, and rump 

 smoky brown. The females of the two species are undistinguishable. 



Of the same size as H. picatus. 



Distribution. The Himalayas from Garhwal to Assam ; the hill- 

 tracts of Assam down to Manipur ; the Kakhyen hills east of 

 Bhamo. 



The difference in the colour of the back of H. picatus and H. cap- 

 italis is correlated with different areas of distribution, and the two 

 species appear to be perfectly distinct. 



Habits, $*c. Breeds in Sikhim from May to August, constructing 



