'. 



102 TURDID^E. 



650. Calliope camtschatkensis. The Common Ruby-throat. 



Motacilla calliope, Pall. Reise Russ. Reichs, iii, p. 697 (1776). 



Turdus camtschatkensis, Gmel. Syst. Nat. i, p. 817 (1788). 



Calliope camtschatkensis (Gmel}, Blyth, Cat. p. 169; Horsf. $ M. 



Cat. i, p. 3] 3 ; Jerd. B. /. ii, p. 150 ; Hume 8f Dav. S. F. vi, p. 337 ; 



Anders. Yunnan Eiped., Aves, p. 615 ; Hume, Cat. no. 512 ; Barnes, 



Birds Bom. p. 209 ; Hume, S. F. xi, p. 199. 

 Calliope yeatmani, Tristram, Ibis, 1870, p. 444. 

 Erithacus calliope (Pall.), Seebohm, Cat. B. M. v, p. 305 ; Gates, B. B. 



i, p. 14. 

 Gunpiffora, Beng. ; Ganyula, Nep. 



Fig. 29. Head of C. camtschatkensis. 



Coloration. Male. The whole upper plumage olive-brown, the 

 head darker, and all the feathers indistinctly edged paler ; a line 

 from the forehead over the eye white ; lores and under the eye 

 black; a broad moustachial streak white; throat and fore neck 

 scarlet, each feather margined at the tip with white, and the whole 

 patch bordered by black ; upper breast brownish grey, paling and 

 becoming buffy grey on the lower breast and sides of the body ; 

 abdomen and under tail-coverts white ; tail brown, edged on the 

 outer webs with olive-brown ; wing-coverts and quills brown, edged 

 w ith bright olive-brown ; axillaries buff. 



Female. Superciliary streak buffy white ; lores and in front of 

 the eye dusky brown; the bright scarlet of the throat and the 

 surrounding black line absent, and replaced by dull white ; mous- 

 tachial streak olive-brown ; other parts as in the male. 



The young are mottled, and moult into the plumage of the adult 

 female at the first autumn, and the crimson throat- patch is assumed 

 in the first winter without a moult. 



Bill light brown, white at the gape ; mouth flesh-colour ; iris 

 brown ; legs pale plumbeous ; claws horn-colour. 



Length 6 ; tail 2-4; wing 2*9: tarsus 1-15; bill from gape -8. 



Distribution. A winter visitor to Nepal and Sikhirn, extending 

 through the plains of the Eastern portion of India proper as far 

 south as the latitude of Eaipur in the Central Provinces. This 

 species is common in Bengal, Bhutan, and Assam, and extends down 

 to Arrakau, Pegu, Karennee, and the northern portion of Tenas- 

 serim. As an accidental visitor this bird may be expected to occur in 

 almost every part of India, and Jerdon records an instance of its 

 being found near Bombay. 



In winter the Common Ruby-throat extends its migration as 

 far as the Philippines, * and in summer it is found throughout 

 Northern Asia up to the Arctic Circle. 



