EMBERIZA. 251 



c'". Chin and throat white or 

 pale fulvous, with or without 

 streaks. 

 c 4 . Ear-coverts chestnut. 



a 3 . A chestnut pectoral band. E.fucata, p. 252. 



A 5 . No pectoral band E. pusilla, p. 254. 



d 1 . Ear-coverts fulvous or 



brown. 



c 5 . Rump and upper tail- 

 coverts of same colour 



as back E. schcenidus $ , p. 251. 



d s . Rump and upper tail- 

 coverts chestnut, quite 

 different to back. 



a 6 . Wing 3-6- E. leucocephala <j> , p. 254. 



b. Wing 3-3 E. steicarti $ , p. 256. 



b". Lower plumage largely yellow. 

 d"'. Crown chestnut; or brown 



greatly streaked with black. E. aureola, p. 259. 

 e'". Crown green, with obsolete 



shaft-streaks E. spodocephala, p. 260. 



b'. Sides of body unstreaked and of 



same colour as abdomen. 



c". Throat and breast bluish grey . . E. stracheyi, p. 257. 

 d". Throat and breast rufous. ..... E. buchanani, p. 258. 



e". Throat and breast yellow E. hortidana, p. 250. 



b. No distinct white patch on outermost 



tail-feather. 



c'. Sides of body unstreaked. 

 f". No streaks whatever on lower 

 plumage. 



/'". Crown black E. melanocepJiala <$ , p. 201. 



ff'". Crown golden . E. luteola $ , p. 262. 



ti" . Crown streaked with brown. 



r 1 . Wing about 3*5; rump 



more or less tinged with 



chestnut E. melanocephala $ , p. 2<>] . 



/ l . Wing about 3-2; rump 



tinged yellow E. luteola $ , p. 262. 



y". Throat and fore neck streaked . . E. striolata, p. 264. 

 d'. Sides of body streaked E. rutila, p. 263. 



789. Emberiza schoeniclus. The Heed-Bunting. 



Einberiza schcem'clus, Linn. Syst. Nat. i, p. 311 (1766) ; Hume, S. f. 

 vii, p. 412; Biddulph, Ibis, 1881, p. 81 ; Scully, Ibis, 1881, p. 575 ; 

 llnme.j Cat. no. 720 ter ; Sharpe, Cat. B. M. xii, p. 480. 



Coloration. Male. After the autumn moult the forehead, 

 crown, and nape are black, each feather broadly margined with 

 fulvous ; a broad collar round the hind neck white, the feathers 

 with broad fulvous-ashy tips, which conceal the white bases of the 

 feathers; the whole upper plumage and wings dark brown, each 

 feather broadly margined with rufous or chestnut, the rump and 

 upper tail-coverts strongly tinged with ashy ; the four middle 

 pairs of tail-feathers very dark brown, margined with rufous; the 



