258 



tippings to these parts are chestnut-brown of the same colour as 

 the back. Lastly, iuE. da the rufous of the lower parts is much 

 paler. 



Distribution. The Himalayas, from the Hazara country and Gil- 

 git to Kumaun. This species is resident on the Himalayas, moving 

 vertically according to season. A few Buntings of this species 

 appear to visit the plains of the Punjab in the winter. The range 

 extends into Baluchistan. 



Habits, fyc. Breeds in the Himalayas from 4000 to 9000 feet, 

 making a loose cup-like nest of grass on the ground. The eggs 

 are pale greenish white or grey mottled with purplish, and covered 

 by a series of delicate lines and scrawls which are dark brown or 

 black. They measure about *83 by *63. 



795. Emberiza buchanani. The Grey-necked Bunting. 



Emberiza buchanani, Blyth, J. A. S. B. xiii, p. 957 (1844), xvi, 

 p. 780 ; Hume, S. F. vii, p. 150 ; id. Cat. no. 716 ; Sharpe, Cat. 

 B. M. xii, p. 533 ; Barnes, Birds Bom. p. 268. 



Euspiza huttoni, Blyth, J. A. S. B. xviii, p. 811 (1849). 



Emberiza huttoni (Blyth), Horsf. $ M. Cat. ii, p. 485 j Jerd. B. 1. 

 ii, p. 373 ; Hume, J. A. S. B. xxxix, pt. ii, p. 121. 



Citrinella huttoni (Bl.}, Stoliczka, J. A. S. B. xli, pt. ii, p. 247. 

 Jamjohara, Hind. 



Coloration. Male. After the autumn moult the whole upper 

 plumage is ashy brown, each feather with a dark brown shaft- 

 streak, the back slightly tinged with rufous ; lesser wing-coverts 

 ashy brown ; the remaining coverts and quills dark brown, broadly 

 margined with rufous; tail brown, the middle pair broadly, the next 

 three pairs narrowly, margined with rufous ; the two outer pairs 

 with the terminal half of the inner web white, as also a small 

 portion of the outer web of the outermost feather ; lores and a 

 ring round the eye fulvous ; sides of the head and neck ashy brown ; 

 an indistinct black moustachial streak; entire lower plumage 

 rufous, palest on the chin and darkest on the breast, most of the 

 feathers with pale fulvous margins. 



In the spring the fulvous margins on the lower plumage get 

 worn away. 



Female. Hardly distinguishable from the male, but slightly 

 paler. 



Iris dark brown ; legs and feet yellowish brown j bill fleshy 

 brown (Butler}. 



Length about 6-5; tail 2-8; wing 3'3; tarsus '75; bill from 

 gape -45. 



Distribution. A winter visitor to the whole of the North-western 

 portion of the plains of India, extending south as far as Khaudala 

 and Chanda and east as far as Etavvah. This species migrates 

 through Kashmir and has been observed in Gilgit in September, 

 and our Indian birds probably summer in Turkestan and Persia. 

 Its range extends westwards to the Caucasus. 



