Scops gymnopodus, Gray, Cat. Accip. B. M. 1844, p. 44 (descr, 

 nSlla); Sharpe, Cat, B. M. ii, p. 65, pi. iv, fig. 2; Hume, Cat. 



292 ASIOMTDJE 



sops gymnopc 

 nulla) ; Shai 



Scops malayanus, Hay, Madr. Jour. L. S. xiii, pt. 2 p. 147 (1845) i ; 



Sharpe, Cat, B. M. ii, p. 58, pi. iv, fig. 1 (subsp.) ; Hume, S. 1. 



vii, p. 355 ; id. Cat. no. 74 sex. 

 Ephialtes sunia, Horsf. $ M. Cat. i, p. 70; A. Anderson, S. F. m, 



p. 388 ; id. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 25 ; 1876, p. 781. 

 Ephialtes pennatus, Jerdon, B. L i, p. 136; Hume, Rough Notes, 



p 386 ; id. S. F. ii, p. 151 ; A. Anderson, P. Z. S. 1875, p. 25. 

 Ephialtes bakkamoena, apud Blyth, Ibis, 1863, p. 27 ; 1866, p. 255 ;: 



Jerdon, Ibis, 1871, p. 347 ; Blyth # Wald. Birds Burm. p. 66 ; 



nee Otus bakkamoena, Penn. 

 Ephialtes jerdoni, Walden, A. M. N. H. (4) v, p. 417 (1870); id. 



Ibis, 1871, p. 112. 

 Scops giu, Sharpe, Cat. B. M. ii, p. 47 ; Barnes, S. F. ix, p. 452 ; 



Bkinf. Ibis, 1894, p. 528. 

 Scops rufipennis, Sharpe (subsp.), Cat. B. M. ii, p. 60 (1875) ; Hume, 



S. F. vi, p. 34 ; vii, p. 350 ; id. Cat. ? no. 74 B. 

 Ephialtes nicobaricus, Hume, S. F. iv, p. 283. 

 Scops nicobaricus, Hume, Cat. no. 74 quat.; Gurney, Ibis, 1884, 



p. 172. 

 Scops minutus, Legge, A. M. N. H. (5) i, p. 175 (1878) ; id. S. F. vii. 



p. 145 ; id. Birds Ceyl p. 143, pi. iv ; Hume, Cat. no. 74 C. 

 The Indian Scops Owl, Jerdon ; Choghad kusial, Sunya kusial, Nepal ; 

 Dundul, Chamba; Chitta guba, Yerra chitta guba, Tel. 



. Coloration. Lores white or pale grey with some black tips, rest 

 of facial disk greyish white with indistinct brown bars ; ruff white 

 or pale rufous tipped with black ; whole upper plumage grey, more 

 or less tinged with rufous, the feathers minutely speckled black 

 and white, and generally with black median stripes, which vary 

 much in definition ; some feathers are stippled at the end, white or 

 buff further down with black shaft-stripes and cross-bars, and the 

 white or buff spots thus formed are conspicuous in some skins, 

 almost wanting in others ; outer scapulars white on the outer 

 webs, with black ends and sometimes a black inner border to the 

 white spots ; some white or buff spots on the wing-coverts ; quills 

 brown, with paler mottled bars and tips, the bars forming white or 

 buff patches on the outer webs of several primaries and on the 

 inner webs of all wing-feathers ; tail brown, much mottled with 

 whitish on the middle feathers and outer edges of the others, all 

 with narrow pale bars dark-edged; lower parts paler than the 

 upper, closely stippled with dark brown or black on a white ground, 

 and more or less tinged with buff or rufous, the feathers with 

 blackish shaft-stripes, usually broadest on the breast, and small 

 dark wavy cross-bars, broken up into minute dots towards the ends 

 of the feathers. 



Rufous phase (S. sunia). The upper parts are sometimes pale 

 chestnut with some black shaft-stripes, especially on the bead, and 

 with white black-tipped spots on the scapulars ; the lower surface 

 varying, the usual markings generally remaining on the lower 

 breast and abdomen. In one specimen from Carnorta in the 



