340 FALCONID.E. 



lower back paler and buffy ; upper tail-coverts white. Only one 

 specimen, now in the British Museum, is known in this stage, and 

 it is uncertain whether the fully adult plumage has been observed. 



Bill pale bluish grey, with dark tip; cere and gape cream-colour; 

 iris light brown ; feet yellowish (Brooks). Nostril round; plumage 

 soft. 



Length of female about 27'5; tail 11-5; wing 21; tarsus 4; 

 bill from gape 2'3 : of a male tail 10-5 ; wing 19-25. 



Distribution. This rare Eagle has only been obtained by Messrs. 

 Brooks and Anderson, to whom we are indebted for all we know 

 concerning it, in the North-west Provinces, chiefly about Etawah. 

 It is a cold-weather visitant, and is believed to have been also met 

 with in Southern Russia and Eastern Prussia (Gurney, I. c.). 



Habits, 6fc. Like the Spotted Eagles, this species is met with 

 near rivers and marshes, and feeds, partly at all events, on frogs. 

 Nidification unknown. 



1205. Aquila maculata. The Large Spotted Eagle. 



Falco maculatus, Gmel. Syst. Nat. i, p. 258 (1788). 



Aquila clanga, Pall. Zoogr. Rosso- Asiat. i, p. 351 (1811) ; Sharpe 

 (A. maculatae subsp.}, Cat. B. M. i, p. 248; Gurney, Ibis, 1877, 

 p. 329 ; Davids, fy Wend. S. F. vii, p. 74 ; Ball, ibid. p. 197 ; Hume, 

 Cat. no. 28 ; Bingham, S. F. viii, p. 190 ; Doig, ibid. p. 370 ; Butler, 

 S. F. ix, p. 372 ; Reid, S. F. x, p. 7 ; Oates, B. B. ii, p. 186 ; id. in 

 Hume's N. Sf E. 2nd ed. iii, p. 138 ; Barnes, Birds Bom. p. 28 ; id. 

 Jour. Bom. N. H. Soc. iii, p. 212 ; Hume, S. F. xi, p. 8. 



Aquila vittata, Hodgs. in Gray's Zool. Misc. p. 81 (1844), descr. 

 nulla. 



Aquila nsevia, Blyth, Cat. p. 27 ; Horsf. fy M. Cat. i, p. 45 ; Jerdon, 

 B. I. i, p. 59 ; Hume, Rough Notes, p. 162 ; id. S. F. i, p. 158 ; 

 Jerdon, Ibis, 1871, p. 244 ; Anderson, P. Z. S. 1871, pp. 686, 689 ; 

 1875, p. 22 ; Blyth, Birds Burm. p. 63 ; Butler, S. F. iii, p. 445 ; 

 Walden, Ibis, 1876, p. 339. 



Aquila maculata, Brooks, S. F. iv, p. 268 ; Blanford, Ibis, 1894, 

 p. 287. 



The Spotted Eagle, Jerdon ; Kaljanga, H. ; Bukayari Jiyadha, Beng. ; 

 Nella gedha, Tel. 



Coloration. Adult. Dark, almost blackish brown, with a slight 

 purplish gloss on the mantle ; primary-quills black ; tail unbarred, 

 but washed with grey towards the end above ; head and neck all 

 round paler, the tips, and sometimes broad shaft-stripes to the 

 lanceolate feathers of the crown and nape, lighter brown; feathers 

 on tarsus and upper and lower tail-coverts mixed with whitish, 

 and sometimes chiefly white ; base of all feathers, including wing- 

 and tail-feathers, white. 



Young birds are also dark brown, and differ chiefly from adults 

 in having the upper back and smaller wing-coverts marked with 

 elongate paler greyish-brown spots, these spots are largest and 

 whitish on the smaller scapulars and median coverts ; longer 

 scapulars, larger coverts, and secondaries with large buff tips; 



