PTEROCLES. 57 



salmon-pink with darker specks and blotches, and the average size 

 1'42 by -98. The principal breeding-season is in April and May, 

 but eggs have been taken in other months. 



1318. Pterocles lichtensteini. The Close-barred Sand-Grouse. 



Pterocles lichtensteini, Temm. PL Col. pis. 355, 361 (1825) ; Hume, 

 S. F. i, p. 219 ; Wise, S. F. iv, p. 230 ; Hume, S. F. vii, p. 162 ; 

 id. Cat. no. 800 bis ; Hume fy Marsh. Game B. i, p. 65, pi. ; 

 Tufnell, S. F. ix, p. 202 ; Barnes, Birds Bom. p. 296 ; Oyilvie 

 Grant, Cat. B. M. xxii, p. 29. 



Coloration. Male. Forehead and sinciput white, with a broad 

 black band across them ; upper parts pale buff or whitish barred 

 with black ; wing-coverts barred with white ; scapulars, tertiaries, 

 median wing-coverts, and tail-feathers broadly tipped with buff ; 

 wiuglet and primary-coverts blackish brown; quills rather lighter 

 brown ; chin and throat buff, more or less speckled with black ; 

 breast buff, the upper part narrowly barred, the lower part with 

 two broad black bars, the upper of which is tinged with ferruginous, 

 the lower forms a border to the abdomen, which is barred black and 

 whitish ; tarsi pale buff, not barred ; under wing-coverts pale 

 earthy brown. 



Female light buff, narrowly barred with black throughout, except 

 on the head, which is spotted, and on the tarsi and quills, which 

 are like those of the male. 



This species resembles P. fasciatus, but both sexes are more closely 

 and finely barred, and the upper breast of the male is unbarred in 

 P. fasciatus but barred in the present form. The tail contains only 

 14 feathers in P. lichtensteini. 



Bill lieshy brown ; irides brown, orbital skin yellow ; feet 

 orange-yellow, claws dusky tipped yellowish (Hume). 



Length about 10'5 ; tail 3; wing 7; tarsus 1*05 ; bill from 

 gape -65. 



Distribution. N.E. Africa, Arabia, Baluchistan, and Siiid west of 

 the Indus. 



Habits, fyc. Very similar to those of P. fasciatus. This Sand- 

 Grouse is found in rocky ground and bushes, and is thoroughly 

 crepuscular, Hying to water before sunrise and after sunset. It is 

 probably resident throughout its range, but is said to be a cold- 

 weather visitor to Sind. 



1319. Pterocles coronatus. The Coronetted Sand-Grouse. 



Pterocles coronatus, Lie/it. Verz. Donbl. p. 65 (1823) ; Blyth, Ibis, 

 1872, p. 89 ; Hume, ibid. p. 468 ; id. S. F. i. p. 224 ; Wise, S. F. iii, 

 p. 267 ; iv. p. 230 ; Stanford, Eastern Persia, ii, p. 272 ; Hume $ 

 Marsh. Game B. i, p. 57, pi. ; Hume, S. F. vii, p. 161 ; id. Cat. 

 no. 801 ter ; Tufnell, S. F. ix, p. 200 ; Barnes, ibid. pp. 219, 458 ; 

 Lean, ibid. p. 296; St. John, Ibis, 1889, p. 174; Sanies, Birds 

 Bom. p. 299 ; id. Jour. Bom. N. H. Soc. v, p. 336 ; Ogilvie Grant, 

 Cat. B. M. xxii, p. 23. 



Coloration. Male. Chin and a streak on the middle of the 



