GALLUS. 7/ 



above Rajahmundry. An isolated wood of sal-trees in the Denwa 

 valley, close to Pachraarhi, is inhabited by Gallus ferrugineus, 

 though O. sonnerati occurs all around and for 150 miles to the 

 eastward. G. ftrrugineus occurs in Java and in many of the 

 other Malay islands besides Sumatra, but it has probably been 

 introduced. No Jungle-fowl are known to occur on the Anda- 

 raans or Nicobars, but some wild birds, doubtless descended from 

 tame progenitors, are met with on the Great and Little Cocos. 



The Burmese race has a red ear-lappet, as have most domestic 

 birds ; its crow, too, is more like that of tame cocks, and it is said 

 to be more easily domesticated than the Indian form with a white 

 ear-lappet. 



Habits, fyc. Though essentially a forest bird this Jungle-fowl is 

 often found feeding in cultivated ground near forest in the 

 mornings and evenings. It ascends the Himalayas and breeds up 

 to an elevation of about 5000 feet, keeping much to the valleys. 

 The calls of both sexes resemble those of tame birds, but the 

 cock's crow is shorter, especially the concluding note. The cocks 

 are highly pugnacious, especially in the breeding-season, which 

 lasts from the end of March to July in the Himalayas, but com- 

 mences rather earlier to the southward. The hens lay usually 

 5 to 6 pale buff eggs, sometimes more (9 and even 11 have been 

 found in one nest), in a hollow on the ground, sometimes well 

 lined with grass and dead leaves, but often with little or no lining. 

 The eggs measure about 1'78 by 1'36. Juugle-fowl afford fair 

 shooting when they can be driven by men or elephants and made 

 to fly, and young birds in the cold season are excellent to eat. 



1329. Gallus lafayettii. The Ceylon Junyle-fowl. 



Gallus lafayettii, Less. Traite, p. 491 (1831) ; Hume, N. fy E. p. 530 ; 

 id. S. P. vii, p. 429 ; id. Cat. no. 812 bis ; Hume 8f Marsh. Game 

 B. i, p. 241, pi. ; Lec/ye, Birds Ceyl. p. 736, pis. xxxi, xxxii ; Oate* 

 in Humes N. $ E. L'rid ed. iii, p. 422 ; OyUvie Grant, Cat. B. M. 

 xxii, p, 348. 



Gallus stanleyi. Gray in Hardw. 111. Ind. Zool. i, pi. 43, fig. 2 $ 

 (1830-32); Blyth, Cat. p k 243; Laijard, A. M. N. H. (2) xiv, 

 p. 62 ; JBlyth, Ibis, 1867, p. 307 ; Holdsworth, P. Z. S. 1872, 

 p. 468. 



Weli-kukula rf, Weli-kikili $,Cing. ; Kdda Koli, Tarn. 



Coloration. Male. Hackles of neck and all small wing-coverts 

 deep straw to golden yellow, dark-shafted, passing into dull 

 brownish red on the crown and into bright ferruginous red on the 

 back, scapulars, elongate median wing-coverts, and long feathers 

 at the sides of the rump, all with blackish shaft-stripes ; lower 

 back, middle of rump, and upper tail-coverts glossy violet, the 

 two former with chestnut edges to the feathers ; greater vviii^- 

 coverts black, part of the outer webs chestnut ; primaries dark 

 brown ; secondaries black, slightly glossed with purple ; tail-feathers 

 black, the middle pair and outer webs of the next three or fouj; 



