GALLOPERDIX. 109 



on a moustachial stripe from the gape ; body and wings, including 

 quills, dark brown with an olive tinge, paler and yellower or 

 rufescent on the breast; tail blackish brown. 



Bill blackish; irides red- brown, orbits red; legs horny brown. 



Length of male about 12-5 ; tail 5 ; wing 6 ; tarsus 1'75 ; bill 

 from gape *8. Females a little smaller. 



Distribution. This Spur-fowl occurs in parts of the area inhabited 

 by G. spadicea, but does not range so far to the west or north. It 

 is met with in Western and South-western Bengal, Orissa, Clmtia 

 Nagpur, Chhattisgarh, and locally throughout the hills of Bundel- 

 cund and the Central Provinces as far west as Jhansi, Lalitpur, 

 and Ellichpur west of JX~agpur, and in many of the hilly and 

 jungly tracts of the Madras Presidency, as on the eastern base of 

 the Nilgiris; but it is not known to occur in the Bombay Presidency 

 north of Belgaum, nor anywhere north of the Ganges, nor in 

 North-western India (the localities Nepal and N.W. India in the 

 British Museum Catalogue are probably due to some mistake). 

 It does not appear to have been observed on the Malabar coast. 



Habits, fyc. Very similar to those of G. spadicea, except that the 

 Painted Spur-fowl keeps more to rocky hills. As noticed by 

 several writers, this bird is most generally seen when the hills of 

 granitoid gneiss, so common in parts of India, are being beaten 

 for large game. It breeds from March to May, laying not more 

 than five eggs in a slight hollow in the ground. The eggs are glossy, 

 pale greyish-brown in colour, and measure about 1-62 by I'll. 



1351. Galloperdix bicalcarata. The Ceylon Spur-fowl. 



Perdix bicalearatus, Penn. Ind. Zool. p. 40, pi. vii (1769). 



Perdix zeylonenais, Gmel. Syst. Nat. i, pt. 2, p. 759 (1788). 



Galloperdix zeylonensis, Blyth, Cat. p. 241 ; Hume, N. fy E. p. 53o. 



Galloperdix hicalcarata, Layard, A. M. N. H. (2) xiv, p. 105 ; Blyth, 

 Ibis, 1867, p. 308 ; Holdsworth, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 469 ; Hume, S. F. 

 vii, pis. 430, 453 ; id. Cat. no. 815 bis ; H^ume 8f Marsh. Game 

 B. i, p. 261, pi. ; Leqqe, Birds Ceyl. p. 741, pi. xxxiii ; Oatvs in 

 Hume's N. fy E. 2nd'ed. iii, p. 426; Ogilvie Grant, Cat. B. M. 

 xxii, p. 264. 



Haban-Kukida, Saban-Kukula, Cing 1 . 



Coloration. Male. Forehead, crown, nape, hind neck and sides 

 of neck, upper back, sides of breast and flanks black with white 

 shaft-stripes, narrow on the head, broad on the flanks ; inter- 

 scapulars, scapulars, and wing-coverts the same, but with the sides 

 of the feathers chestnut, vermiculated with black, and the white 

 shaft-stripes represented on the wing-coverts by subterminal pear- 

 shaped spots ; lower back and rump chestnut, finely vermiculated 

 with black ; quills dark brown, secondaries mottled with chestnut on 

 outer webs ; tertiaries throughout, upper tail-coverts, and tail black ; 

 sides of head and throat white, feathers edged with black, chin pure 

 white ; lower parts to mid-abdomen white ; feathers of fore neck 

 and sometimes of breast with black edges, broader towards the sides 



