204 CEDICNEMIDJE. 



as a rule longest ; tail of 12 feathers, of moderate length, slightly 

 rounded ; only 3 toes ; nail of middle toe broad, dilated on the 

 inner side. 



This genus contains eight species found nearly throughout the 

 temperate and tropical regions of the Old World and in Central 

 and South America. A single species is Indian. 



1418. (Edicnemus scolopax. The Stone-Curlew. 



Charadrius cedicnemus, Linn. St/sf. Xat. i, p. 255 (1766). 



Charadrius scolopax, S. G. Gmel. lieis. Mussl, iii, p. 87, pi. 16 

 (1774). 



(Edicnemus crepitans. Temm. Man. d'Orn. p. 322 (1815) ; JBlyt,h, 

 Cat p. 260 ; Jerdon, B. I. iii, p. 654 ; Blanf. J. A. S. B. xxxviii, 

 pt. 2, p. 190; id. Ibis, 1870, p. 470; Hume, S. F. i, p. 232; 

 Adam, ibid. p. 395; Butler, S. F. iv, p. 14. 



(Edicnemus indicus, Salvadori, Atti Soc. Ital. Sc. Nat. viii, p. 380 

 (18<'5); Hume, N. $ E. p. 581 ; Stoliczka, J. A. S. B. xli, pt. 2. 

 p. 251 ; Ball, S. F. vii, p. 227. 



(Edicnemus scolopax, Dresser, Birds Eur. vii, p. 401, pi. 512 ; Hume. 

 fy Dan. S. F. vi, p. 458 ; Hume, Cat. no. 859 ; Doiy, V. F. viii, 

 p. 371 ; Leffffe. Birds Ceyl p. 969 ; Vidal, S. F. ix, p. 82 ; Butler, 

 ibid. p. 427 ; Reid, S. F. x, p. 67 ; Davison, ibid. p. 413 ; Gates, 

 B. B. ii, p. 356 : Barnes, Birds Bom. p. 337 ; Gates in Hume's 

 Hr.j2nded.iii,p.331. 



(Edicnemus cedicnemus, Sharpe, Cat. B. M. xxiv, p. 4. 



The Stone-Plover, Jerdon ; Karwanak, Barsiri, II. ; Lambiof Falconers ; 

 Kharma, Beng. ; Kaledti, Tel. ; Kana mosid, Tam. ; Bastard Florican of 

 some Anglo-Indians. 



Coloration. Upper parts ashy brown, varying to sandy buff, 

 more or less rufescent towards the edges of the feathers, and with 

 black shaft-stripes that are broadest on the back, narrow on the 

 rump and upper tail- coverts ; hind neck often paler than crown ; 

 lores and a streak from thence below the eye, with a superciliary 

 stripe, creamy white ; remainder of sides of head pale brown with 

 blackish streaks ; smaller wing-coverts rufous brown, streaked 

 blackish, a white or whitish bar across them; median coverts ashy 

 brown with whitish ends, blackish fusiform shaft-stripes, and 

 brown patches near the tips ; larger coverts white, each with an 

 oblique subterminal blackish bar ; primary-coverts and quills 

 blackish brown, first two or three primaries with a white patch, 

 by far largest on the first, later primaries with their tips and bases 

 white, earlier secondaries white on basal portion of inner web ; 

 tail ashy brown, all the feathers except the middle pair with 

 blackish tips, each crossed by a subterminal white bar ; lower 

 parts white, fore neck rufous, and, together with the upper breast, 

 streaked with dark brown shaft-stripes ; under tail-coverts pale 

 rufous. Birds from dry sandy tracts are very pale-coloured. 



The young have the wing-coverts and tail-feathers irregularly 

 banded darker. The nestling is clad in dark sandy-grey down 

 with a few black stripes, especially two down the back. 



