234 



the base. A distinct breeding-plumage, the whole under surface 

 becoming black. Sexes alike. 

 The restricted genus contains two species, both Indian. 



a. Axillaries greyish brown C. fulvus, p. 234. 



b. Axillaries pure white C. pluvialis, p. 235. 



1439. Charadrius fulvus. The Eastern Golden Plover. 



Charadrius fulvus, Gm. Syst. Nat. i, p. 687 (1788) ; Hume, S. F. 



i, p. 228; ii, p. 287; iii, p. 179; Blyth 8f Wald. Birds Bu.-m. 



p. 153 ; Butler $ Hume, S. F. iv, p* 11 ; Hume, ibid. p. 463 ; Blanf. 



S. F. v, p. 247; Anders. Yunnan Eocped., Aves, p. 675 ; Hume Sf 



Dav. S. F. vi, p. 455 ; Ball, S. F. vii, p. 226 ; Cripps, ibid. p. 299 ; 



Hume, ibid. p. 482 ; id. Cat. no. 845 ; Scully, S. F. viii, p. 350 



Leqge, Birds Ceyl. p. 934 ; Tidal, S. F. ix, p. 79 ; Bint/ham, ibid. 



p. 396 ; Butler, ibid. p. 425 ; Parker, ibid. p. 482 ; Scully, Ibis, 1881, 



p. 586; lleid, S. F. x, p. 64; Oates, B. B. ii, p. 364; Barnes, 



Birds Bom. p. 328 ; Hume, S. F. xi, p. 313 ; Seebohm, Charadr. 



p. 99 ; St. John, Ibis, 1889, p. 175. 

 Charadrius dominicus, P. L. S. Mull. Natursyst. Sup2)l. p. 116 



(1789?) ; Sharpy Cat. B. M ; xxiv, p. 195. 

 Charadrius virginicus, Licht. Terz. Doubl. p. 70 (1823) ; Blyth. Cat. 



p. 262. 

 Charadrius longipes, Temm. MS., Jerdon. B. I. iii, p. 636; McM aster, 



J. A. S. B. xl, pt. 2, p. 215; Blanf. ibid. p. 269; Hume $ 



Henders. Lah. to Yark. p. 284. 



The Golden Plover, Jerdon ; Chata battan, II. ; Kotan, Tarn. (Ceylon) ; 

 Hana watuwa, Oliya, Maha oliya, Cing. 



Coloration. In winter plumage the crown and upper parts are 

 dark brown, sometimes almost black, the feathers edged with 

 yellow spots, which become whitish or white on the wing-coverts ; 

 forehead and supercilia sullied white ; sides of head and neck 

 fulvous streaked with brown, ear-coverts brown; primary coverts 

 and primary and secondary quills dark brown, more or less tipped 

 with white, the inner primary coverts more broadly, distal halves of 

 shafts of primaries white except at the ends j tail dark brown, the 

 feathers sometimes distinctly pale- banded, more often indistinctly, 

 but generally with a margin of white or yellow spots ; sometimes 

 the lower parts are dull brown throughout, darker and streaked on 

 the breast and banded on the flanks ; more often the chin, throat, 

 lower breast, and abdomen are white ; the under wing-coverts and 

 axillaries always greyish brown. 



In breeding-plumage assumed partly by moult, partly by 

 change of colour all the lower parts are black except the 

 wing-lining and axillaries, which remain brown ; the upper 

 parts are blacker than in winter, and the yellow spots larger and 

 brighter ; the forehead, supercilia, and a band from each side of 

 the neck bounding the black area pure white. 



Bill black ; irides dark brown ; feet plumbeous black (Scully}. 



Length 9-5; tail 2'4 ; wing 6'5 ; tarsus T7; bill from gape 

 1-1. 



